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Mary of Guise (French: Marie de Guise; 22 November 1515 – 11 June 1560), also called Mary of Lorraine, was Queen of Scotland from 1538 until 1542, as the second wife of King James V. She was a French noblewoman of the House of Guise , a cadet branch of the House of Lorraine and one of the most powerful families in France .
Also known as Mary of Lorraine she was born into a staunchly Catholic family on 20 November 1515, in the rather forbidding castle of Bar-le-Duc in north-east France. Her father was Claude, Count (later Duke) of Guise, a powerful figure in France, and her mother was Antoinette of Bourbon. At the age of four, the family moved to Joinville Castle ...
Henry had the Duke of Guise murdered in 1588 and was in turn assassinated by Jacques Clément, a Catholic fanatic, in 1589. He was succeeded by the King of Navarre who, as Henry IV, assumed the throne of France as the first king of the House of Bourbon and eventually converted to Catholicism.
6 de abr. de 2020 · The story of the Duchy of Guise stretches from its creation as one of the first non-royal dukedoms in France in 1528, for Claude de Lorraine, until the death of its last holder in 1688, and beyond as one of the many dukedoms held by the House of Bourbon-Condé, and even today as a title occasionally used by the current royal family of France.
François de Lorraine, 2e duc de Guise (born Feb. 24, 1519, Bar, Fr.—died Feb. 24, 1563, Orléans) was a French soldier and loyal servant to the French crown, the greatest figure produced by the House of Guise. He fought in Francis I ’s army and was badly wounded at the siege of Boulogne (1545), earning him the nickname “the Scarred.”.
Francis II ( French: François II; 19 January 1544 – 5 December 1560) was King of France from 1559 to 1560. He was also King of Scotland as the husband of Mary, Queen of Scots, from 1558 until his death in 1560. He ascended the throne of France at age 15 after the accidental death of his father, Henry II, in 1559.
The Guise aspired and lived up to their motto — Toutes pour une. La et non plus (‘All for one. Here and no further’) — engendering a clan mentality, the nature of which was reinforced by their distinctive origins and status among the princely houses of France.
