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4 de ago. de 2021 · Enlightenment was a wide academic and intellectual movement in the 18th century that promoted science and rationality and defied superstition. This intellectual movement was supported by the famous minds of Europe and America like Immanuel Kant, Rene Descartes, John Lock, Newton, etc.
The reach of Enlightenment thought was both broad and deep. In the 1730s, it even prompted the founding of a new colony. Having witnessed the terrible conditions of debtors’ prison, as well as the results of releasing penniless debtors onto the streets of London, James Oglethorpe —a member of Parliament and advocate of social reform—petitioned King George II for a charter to start a new ...
30 de jul. de 2021 · The Treaty of Westphalia (1648), which ended the religiously-motivated 30 Years War, created a precedent by asserting that states could not violate each others’ sovereignty, even over spiritual matters. Religion stopped being a valid motive for foreign warfare, and freedom of worship began to be accepted. Voltaire, one of the Enlightenment ...
Reason and Individualism Gain Traction. The Enlightenment was a philosophical movement that emerged in the 18th century and emphasized reason, individualism, and skepticism. It was a time of great intellectual and cultural awakening, and it laid the foundations for many of the values and ideals that continue to shape modern Western society.
Enlightenment Thought. A developed concept of colonialism did not exist in the eighteenth century. Enlightenment thought, therefore, did not directly address the topic of colonialism. Reference works produced in the eighteenth century, for instance, had no entries for "colonialism." But writers of the Enlightenment, in Europe and America ...
13 de feb. de 2024 · privacy. freedom of speech. self-defence. freedom to pursue one's religion. freedom from slavery. These were the principal concerns of Enlightenment thinkers, but, of course, a 21st-century citizen may wish to add more, such as a right to education, a right to work, or a right to choose one's gender identity.
The Authority of Reason. We cannot reduce the Enlightenment to a single unifying philosophy or body of thought. But Enlightenment thinkers in intellectual circles in Asia, Europe, and the Americas were inspired by the seventeenth century’s emphasis on using reason to grapple with questions about human nature, the complexities of political power and the social order, and the principles of ...
