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On 1 August 1291, the cantons of Uri, Schwyz, and Unterwalden united to defend the peace upon the death of Emperor Rudolf I of Habsburg, forming the nucleus of the Old Swiss Confederacy. By 1353, the three original cantons had been joined by the cantons of Glarus and Zug and the city-states of Lucerne , Zürich , and Bern , forming the "Old Federation" of eight states that persisted during ...
Eidgenossenschaft ( German pronunciation: [ˈaɪdɡəˌnɔsənʃaft] ⓘ) is a German word specific to the political history of Switzerland. It means " oath commonwealth" or "oath alliance" in reference to the "eternal pacts" formed between the Eight Cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy of the late medieval period, most notably in Swiss ...
Federal Charter of 1291 at Wikisource. The Federal Charter or Letter of Alliance ( German: Bundesbrief) is one of the earliest constitutional documents of Switzerland. A treaty of alliance from 1291 between the cantons of Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden, the Charter is one of a series of alliances from which the Old Swiss Confederacy emerged.
Switzerland originates from the Old Swiss Confederacy established in the Late Middle Ages, following a series of military successes against Austria and Burgundy; the Federal Charter of 1291 is considered the country's founding document. Swiss independence from the Holy Roman Empire was formally recognised in the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.
List of battles fought by the Old Swiss Confederacy, 1315–1799. The Battle of Morgarten of 1315 is famous as the first military success of the Confederacy, but it was an ambush on an army on the march rather than an open field battle. The Battle of Laupen of 1339 is an early battle that can be seen as indicating the trend of the dominance of ...
Map of the territorial evolution of the Old Swiss Confederacy (1291–1798). The territorial evolution of Switzerland occurred primarily with the acquisition of territory by the historical cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy and its close associates. This gradual expansion took place in two phases, the growth from the medieval Founding Cantons ...
Three Leagues of the Grisons. The Swabian War of 1499 ( Alemannic German: Schwoobechrieg (spelling depending on dialect), called Schwabenkrieg or Schweizerkrieg ("Swiss War") in Germany and Engadiner Krieg ("War of the Engadin " in Austria) was the last major armed conflict between the Old Swiss Confederacy and the House of Habsburg.
