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According to Roman Catholicism, the history of the papacy, the office held by the pope as head of the Catholic Church, spans from the time of Peter to the present day. [1]
More recently, popes have struggled to reconcile the strict traditions of doctrinaire Catholicism with the realities of modern life, including defending firm stances against abortion and the death penalty. Here, a short history of some of the most notable occupants of St. Peter's Chair.
The pope (Latin: papa, from Ancient Greek: πάππας, romanized: páppas, lit. 'father') is the bishop of Rome and the visible head of the worldwide Catholic Church. He is also known as the supreme pontiff, Roman pontiff or sovereign pontiff.
- Legends
- Later Development
- During The Reformation
- Modern Analysis and Critique
- In Fiction
- See Also
- Further Reading
- External Links
The earliest mention of a female pope appears in the Dominican Jean de Mailly's chronicle of Metz, Chronica Universalis Mettensis, written in the early 13th century. In his telling the female pope is not named and the events are set in 1099. According to Jean: Jean de Mailly's story was picked up by his fellow Dominican Stephen of Bourbon, who adap...
From the mid-13th century onward the legend was widely disseminated and believed. Joan was used as an exemplum in Dominican preaching. Bartolomeo Platina, the scholar who was prefect of the Vatican Library, wrote his Vitæ Pontificum Platinæ historici liber de vita Christi ac omnium pontificum qui hactenus ducenti fuere et XX in 1479 at the behest o...
In 1587 Florimond de Raemond, a magistrate in the parlement de Bordeaux and an antiquary, published his first attempt to deconstruct the legend, Erreur Populaire de la Papesse Jeanne (also subsequently published under the title L'Anti-Papesse). The tract applied humanist techniques of textual criticism to the Pope Joan legend, with the broader inte...
Most modern scholars dismiss Pope Joan as a medieval legend. British historian John Julius Norwich dismissed the myth with a logical assessment of evidence. The Oxford Dictionary of Popesdeclares that there is "no contemporary evidence for a female Pope at any of the dates suggested for her reign", but nonetheless acknowledges that Pope Joan's lege...
Pope Joan has remained a popular subject for fictional works. Plays include Ludwig Achim von Arnim's Päpstin Johanna (1813), a fragment by Bertolt Brecht (in Werke Bd 10) and a monodrama, Pausin Johanna, by Cees van der Pluijm (1996). The Greek author Emmanuel Rhoides' 1866 novel, The Papess Joanne, was admired by Mark Twain and Alfred Jarry and fr...
Primary sources
1. Jean de Mailly Chronica Universalis Mettensis(1254) 2. Martin of Opava Chronicon pontificum et imperatorum(1278)
Secondary sources
1. Gustave Brunet (1880). La papesse Jeanne etude historique et litteraire par Philomneste junior (in French) (second ed.). Bruxelles: J. Gay. p. 29. 2. Clement Wood, The Woman Who Was Pope, Wm. Faro, Inc., New York. 1931 3. Arturo Ortega Blake, Joanna Kobieta która zostala Papiezem, Edit. Philip Wilson, 2006. Published in Warszawa, ISBN 83-7236-208-4. 4. Alain Boureau, The Myth of Pope Joan, University of Chicago Press, 2000. Published in Paris as La Papesse Jeanne. The standard account amon...
Fiction
1. Donna Woolfolk Cross, Pope Joan: A NovelThree Rivers Press, 2009. 2. Lawrence Durrell, The Curious History of Pope Joan. London: Derek Verschoyle, 1954. Freely translated from the Greek Papissa Joanna, 1886, by Emmanuel Rhoides. 3. Emmanuel Rhoides, Papissa Joannatranslated by T. D. Kriton, Govostis, Athens, 1935.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Popess Joan". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company."Pope Joan" by Dennis Barton gives timeline esp. of stories appearance in written histories.The Story of the Pope es una película estrenada en el año 1942 dirigida por Romolo Marcellini y Luis Trenker . Está protagonizada por Pope Pius XII...The public and private life of Eugenio Pacelli, elected Pope Pius XII..
- Romolo Marcellini, Luis Trenker
- Pope Pius XII
7 de nov. de 2023 · "Life, My Story Through History", is the title of Pope Francis' new book in which he recounts for the first time the story of his life through the events that have marked the world, from the outbreak of the Second World War in 1939 when he was almost three years old, to the present day.
Hace 2 días · Francis ushered in a new era of leadership of the Roman Catholic Church when he was elected pope in 2013. As the first pope from the Western Hemisphere, the first from South America, and the first from the Jesuit order, Francis has brought many reforms to the church and a reputation for humility.
