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Gunhilda of Denmark ( c. 1020 – 18 July 1038), was Queen consort of Germany by her marriage with King Henry III from 1036 until her death. Biography. Gunhilda was a daughter of King Cnut the Great (985/95 – 1035), ruler over the Anglo-Scandinavian North Sea Empire, and his second wife Emma of Normandy (c. 985 – 1052). [1] .
Gunhilda de Dinamarca ( c. 1020 - 18 de julio de 1038) fue la primera esposa de Enrique III el Negro . Biografía. Gunhilda era una hija de Canuto el Grande y su segunda esposa, Emma de Normandía. 1 Sus abuelos maternos fueron Ricardo I de Normandía y su segunda esposa Gunnora, duquesa de Normandía .
Danish princess. Name variations: Gunhild Haraldsdottir. Killed on November 13, 1002; daughter of Harald Bluetooth (c. 910–985), king of Denmark (r. 940–985) and Gyrid ; sister of Thyra of Denmark (d. 1000) and Sven or Sweyn I Forkbeard, king of Denmark (r. 985–1014), king of England (r. 1014); married Jarl Pallig or Palig, ealdorman in ...
- Historicity
- Origins
- Marriage with Eric
- Life After Eric
- Reputation For Sorcery in The Sagas
- Legacy and Reputation
- Appearances in Media
- External Links
Many of the details of her life are disputed, including her parentage. Although she is treated in the sagas as a historical person, even her historicity is a matter of some debate. What details of her life are known come largely from Icelandic sources, which generally asserted that the Icelandic settlers had fled from Harald's tyranny. While the hi...
According to the 12th century Historia Norwegiæ, Gunnhild was the daughter of Gorm the Old, king of Denmark and Thyra, and Erik and Gunnhild met at a feast given by Gorm. Modern scholars have largely accepted this version as accurate. In their view, her marriage with Erik was a dynastic union between two houses, that of the Norwegian Ynglings and t...
Eric's kinslaying and exile
Gunnhild and Eric are said to have had the following children: Gamle, the oldest; then Guthorm, Harald, Ragnfrod, Ragnhild, Erling, Gudrod, and Sigurd Sleva. Egil's Saga mentions a son named Rögnvald, but it is not known whether he can be identified with one of those mentioned in Heimskringla, or even whether he was Gunnhild's son or Eric's by another woman. Gunnhild was widely reputed to have or otherwise employ magical powers. Prior to the death of Harald Fairhair, Erik's popular half-broth...
Orkney and Jorvik
According to the Icelandic sagas, Eric set sail with his family and his retainers to Orkney, where they settled for a number of years. During that time Eric was acknowledged as "King of Orkney" by its de facto rulers, the jarls Arnkel and Erlend Turf-Einarsson. Gunnhild went with Eric to Jorvik when, at the invitation of Bishop Wulfstan, the erstwhile Norwegian king settled as client king over northern England.At Jorvik, both Eric and Gunnhild may have been baptized. Following Eric's loss of...
Conflict with Egill Skallagrímsson
Gunnhild was the nemesis of Egill Skallagrímsson, and his saga and poetry present her in a particularly negative light. Egil was introduced to Erik by his older brother Thorolf, who was a friend of the prince, and the brothers were originally on good terms with Eric and Gunnhild.However, during a sojourn in Norway around 930, Egil got into an inheritance dispute with certain members of Eric's court, during which he killed Bárðr of Atley, one of the king's retainers. Gunnhild ordered her two b...
In Denmark
After the death of her husband, Gunnhild took refuge with her sons at the court of Harald Bluetooth at Roskilde. Tradition ascribes to Gunnhild the commissioning of the skaldic poem Eiríksmálin honor of her fallen husband. In Denmark, Gunnhild's son Harald was fostered by the king himself, and her other sons were given properties and titles. As King Harald was involved in a war against Haakon's Norway, he may have sought to use Gunnhild's sons as his proxies against the Norwegian king.One of...
Return to Norway
Gunnhild returned to Norway in triumph when her remaining sons killed King Haakon at the Battle of Fitjar in 961. Ironically, the battle was a victory for Haakon's forces but his death left a power vacuum which Gunnhild's son Harald, with Danish aid, was able to exploit. With her sons now ensconced as the lords of Norway, Gunnhild was from this time known as konungamóðir, or "Mother of Kings." During the reign of Harald Greyhide, Gunnhild dominated the court; according to Heimskringla she "mi...
Exile and death
Haakon Sigurdsson, jarl of Hlaðir, arranged the death of Harald Greyhide around 971 with the connivance of Harald Bluetooth, who had invited his foster-son to Denmark to be invested with new Danish fiefs. Civil war broke out between Jarl Haakon and the surviving sons of Erik and Gunnhild, but Haakon proved victorious and Gunnhild had to flee Norway once again, with her remaining sons Gudrod and Ragnfred. They went to Orkney, again imposing themselves as overlords over Jarl Thorfinn.However, i...
Gunnhild is often connected with sorcery, as seen throughout the Icelandic sagas. This magical ability may be recognized in part due to Gunnhild's affiliation with the Finns, having supposedly lived in a hut with two Finnish wizards in Finnmark and learned magic from them, according to Snorri in Heimskringla. Also as seen in Heimskringla, Eirík fir...
Carolyne Larrington takes an interesting look into the comparative amount of power Gunnhild held, as well as her overall role as queen within the Norwegian court. Queenship as a concept emerged relatively late in Norway, and as Larrington points out, the most powerful women in Norwegian history were usually king's mothers rather than kings' wives. ...
Literature
Gunnhild was a villain in Robert Leighton's 1934 novel Olaf the Glorious, a fictionalized biography of Olaf Tryggvason. She is the central character of the novel Mother of Kings by Poul Anderson, (which makes her a granddaughter of Rognvald Eysteinsson, accepts the version of her living with the Finnish warlocks and emphasizes her being a witch) and also appears in Cecelia Holland's The Soul Thief. In The Demon of Scattery by Poul Anderson and Mildred Downey Broxon, and illustrated by Michael...
Television
She is played by Icelandic actress Ragnheiður Ragnarsdóttir in the television series Vikings.
Bodies of the Bogs: Haraldskaer Woman, Archaeology, Archaeological Institute of America, 10 December 1997.Gunhilda of Wenden was a Polish princess, daughter of Mieszko I of Poland according to Chronicles of Thietmar of Merserburg, Adam von Bremen and Acta Cnutonis regis princess and Danish Viking Age queen consort, the supposed spouse of 10th-century King Sweyn I of Denmark (c. 960–1014).
Born around 1020; died on July 18, 1038, on the Adriatic Coast; daughter of Emma of Normandy (c. 985–1052) and Cnut also known as Canute the Great (c. 994–1035), king of England (r. 1016–1035), king of Denmark (r. 1019–1035), king of Norway (r. 1028–1035); married Henry III (1017–1056), king of Germany (r. 1039–1056), Holy Roman ...
Gunhilda of Denmark was a prominent figure in Scandinavian and English history. Her life is shrouded in mystery, sparking debates and speculations among historians. Gunhilda’s impact on English culture and society was significant and long-lasting. Her disappearance remains a mystery to this day.
