Resultado de búsqueda
Robert Burns ( Alloway, Ayrshire, Escocia, 25 de enero de 1759 - Ellisland, cerca de Dumfries, 21 de julio de 1796) es el poeta en lengua escocesa más amado. Su poema Auld Lang Syne se canta a menudo en Hogmanay (el último día del año) y Scots Wha Hae, se canta tradicionalmente en los países angloparlantes como himno ...
- Overview
- Life
- Development as a poet
- After Edinburgh
Robert Burns is considered the national poet of Scotland. Born in 1759 in Alloway, he wrote lyrics and songs in Scots and in English.
What was Robert Burns’s first book of poetry?
In July 1786 Robert Burns published his first major volume of verse, Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect.
What is Robert Burns most famous for?
One of Robert Burns’s best-known poems is the mock-heroic “Tam o' Shanter,” published in 1791. He is also well known for his contribution to over three hundred songs that celebrate love, friendship, work, and drink with often hilarious and tender sympathy, such as “Auld Lang Syne.”
Why was Robert Burns called the “Ploughman Poet”?
Burns’s father had come to Ayrshire from Kincardineshire in an endeavour to improve his fortunes, but, though he worked immensely hard first on the farm of Mount Oliphant, which he leased in 1766, and then on that of Lochlea, which he took in 1777, ill luck dogged him, and he died in 1784, worn out and bankrupt. It was watching his father being thus beaten down that helped to make Robert both a rebel against the social order of his day and a bitter satirist of all forms of religious and political thought that condoned or perpetuated inhumanity. He received some formal schooling from a teacher as well as sporadically from other sources. He acquired a superficial reading knowledge of French and a bare smattering of Latin, and he read most of the important 18th-century English writers as well as Shakespeare, Milton, and Dryden. His knowledge of Scottish literature was confined in his childhood to orally transmitted folk songs and folk tales together with a modernization of the late 15th-century poem “Wallace.” His religion throughout his adult life seems to have been a humanitarian Deism.
Proud, restless, and full of a nameless ambition, the young Burns did his share of hard work on the farm. His father’s death made him tenant of the farm of Mossgiel to which the family moved and freed him to seek male and female companionship where he would. He took sides against the dominant extreme Calvinist wing of the church in Ayrshire and championed a local gentleman, Gavin Hamilton, who had got into trouble with the kirk session (a church court) for Sabbath breaking. He had an affair with a servant girl at the farm, Elizabeth Paton, who in 1785 bore his first child, and on the child’s birth he welcomed it with a lively poem.
Burns developed rapidly throughout 1784 and 1785 as an “occasional” poet who more and more turned to verse to express his emotions of love, friendship, or amusement or his ironical contemplation of the social scene. But these were not spontaneous effusions by an almost illiterate peasant. Burns was a conscious craftsman; his entries in the commonplace book that he had begun in 1783 reveal that from the beginning he was interested in the technical problems of versification.
Britannica Quiz
A Study of Poetry
Though he wrote poetry for his own amusement and that of his friends, Burns remained restless and dissatisfied. He won the reputation of being a dangerous rebel against orthodox religion, and, when in 1786 he fell in love with Jean Armour, her father refused to allow her to marry Burns even though a child was on the way and under Scots law mutual consent followed by consummation constituted a legal marriage. Jean was persuaded by her father to go back on her promise. Robert, hurt and enraged, took up with another woman, Mary Campbell, who died soon after. On September 3 Jean bore him twins out of wedlock.
Meanwhile, the farm was not prospering, and Burns, harassed by insoluble problems, thought of emigrating. But he first wanted to show his country what he could do. In the midst of his troubles he went ahead with his plans for publishing a volume of his poems at the nearby town of Kilmarnock. It was entitled Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect and appeared on July 31, 1786. Its success was immediate and overwhelming. Simple country folk and sophisticated Edinburgh critics alike hailed it, and the upshot was that Burns set out for Edinburgh on November 27, 1786, to be lionized, patronized, and showered with well-meant but dangerous advice.
Students save 67%! Learn more about our special academic rate today.
Edinburgh unsettled Burns, and, after a number of amorous and other adventures there and several trips to other parts of Scotland, he settled in the summer of 1788 at a farm in Ellisland, Dumfriesshire. At Edinburgh, too, he arranged for a new and enlarged edition (1787) of his Poems, but little of significance was added to the Kilmarnock selection. He found farming at Ellisland difficult, though he was helped by Jean Armour, with whom he had been reconciled and whom he finally married in 1788.
In Edinburgh Burns had met James Johnson, a keen collector of Scottish songs who was bringing out a series of volumes of songs with the music and who enlisted Burns’s help in finding, editing, improving, and rewriting items. Burns was enthusiastic and soon became virtual editor of Johnson’s The Scots Musical Museum. Later he became involved with a similar project for George Thomson, but Thomson was a more consciously genteel person than Johnson, and Burns had to fight with him to prevent him from “refining” words and music and so ruining their character. Johnson’s The Scots Musical Museum (1787–1803) and the first five volumes of Thomson’s A Select Collection of Original Scotish Airs for the Voice (1793–1818) contain the bulk of Burns’s songs. Burns spent the latter part of his life in assiduously collecting and writing songs to provide words for traditional Scottish airs. He regarded his work as service to Scotland and quixotically refused payment. The only poem he wrote after his Edinburgh visit that showed a hitherto unsuspected side of his poetic genius was “Tam o’ Shanter” (1791), a spirited narrative poem in brilliantly handled eight-syllable couplets based on a folk legend.
- David Daiches
Robert Burns. (Alloway, 1759 - Dumfries, 1796) Poeta escocés, precursor de los románticos ingleses y fundador de la poesía lírica tradicional escocesa. El amor a la naturaleza y las tradiciones de su Escocia natal, que supo expresar con un profundo lirismo que trascendía el mero localismo, hicieron de Robert Burns un adelantado del ...
Robert Burns (25 January 1759 – 21 July 1796), also known familiarly as Rabbie Burns, [a] was a Scottish poet and lyricist. He is widely regarded as the national poet of Scotland and is celebrated worldwide.
Descubre a Robert Burns, el Bardo nacional de Escocia, su vida, sus obras más famosas y todo lo que necesitas saber para celebrar su noche.
Burns is an important and complex literary personage for several reasons: his place in the Scottish literary tradition, his pre-Romantic proclivities, his position as a human being from the less-privileged classes imaging a better world.
Robert Burns, también conocido como Rabbie Burns o el Bardo de Ayrshire, es probablemente el poeta más famoso e influyente de toda la historia de Escocia. La cultura escocesa, así como algunas de sus tradiciones, están imbuidas del espíritu y de la obra de este brillante autor.
