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Miguel Apafi I de Apanagyfalva (en húngaro: I. Apafi Mihály) ( Ebesfalva, Transilvania 3 de noviembre de 1632 - Fagaras, Transilvania 15 de abril de 1690). Noble húngaro, Príncipe de Transilvania (1662-1690). Biografía.
- Miguel Apafi II
Miguel Apafi II de Apanagyfalva (en húngaro: II. Apafi...
- Miguel Apafi II
La Casa de Apafi fue una familia aristocrática húngara que se difundió por gran parte del territorio oriental de Hungría desde la Edad Media, especialmente en la región de Transilvania. Varios miembros de dicha familia fueron inclusive Príncipes de la Transilvania independiente durante el siglo XVII .
Miguel Apafi I de Apanagyfalva (en húngaro: I. Apafi Mihály) (Ebesfalva, Transilvania 3 de noviembre de 1632 - Fagaras, Transilvania 15 de abril de 1690). Noble húngaro, Príncipe de Transilvania (1662-1690).
- Background
- Early Life
- Chaos
- Reign
The Principality of Transylvania emerged after the disintegration of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary in the second half of the 16th century. The principality included Transylvania proper and other territories to the east of the river Tisza, known as Partium. The princes of Transylvania paid a yearly tribute to the Ottoman sultans and could not cond...
Born in Ebesfalva (now Dumbrăveni in Romania) on 3 November 1632, Michael was the son of György Apafi of Apanagyfalva and Borbála Petky. György Apafi was the ispán (or head) of Küküllő County in the Principality of Transylvania. Michael's childhood and youth is almost undocumented. He grew up in a large family: his mother gave birth to six sons and...
George II Rákóczi, Prince of Transylvania, invaded the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth without seeking the Ottoman sultan's consent in January 1657. He had concluded an agreement with King Charles X of Sweden about the partition of the Commonwealth and wanted to secure the Polish throne for himself. Rákóczi had also entered into correspondence with ...
Ascension to throne
Apafi spent more than three years in captivity before his wife could raise his ransom. The sum of his ransom is unknown, but Anna Bornemissza must have converted parts of their property into cash. She sold their village of Almakerék (Mălâncrav), according to 19th-century historians. After his return to Transylvania in 1661,Apafi settled in his estates. The Ottoman sultan Mehmed IV appointed Kuchuk Ali, Pasha (or governor) of Temeşvar Eyalet, to restore Ottoman suzerainty in Transylvania by fo...
Consolidation
Kemény's death consolidated Apafi's position. Transylvanian noblemen hurried to pay homage to him. He did not dismiss Kemény's chancellor, János Bethlen, and made Gábor Haller his treasurer. Although Kemény's staunchest partisans sought Leopold I's support, their envoys could not exact a promise from him. The German garrison surrendered Görgény (Gurghiu) to Apafi and the Sublime Porte released part of the sum to be paid by him. The German garrison at Kolozsvár continued to resist. Kuchuk Mehm...
Balancing acts
The Peace of Vasvár outraged most Hungarian and Croatian aristocrats, because they thought that Leopold I had sacrificed the liberation of Hungary for a humiliating peace. For Apafi, the Peace of Vasvár proved that the Ottoman Empire was weakening and adopted a new policy, trying to balance between the Ottomans and the Habsburgs. He and the delegates of the Three Nations addressed a letter to Leopold I, pledging that he would never cede the Transylvanian fortresses previously held by German m...
El sultán escogió a Miguel Apafi I para reemplazar a Juan Kemény y pronto se produjeron varios enfrentamientos armados entre ambos bandos. El 23 de enero de 1662, muere Juan Kemény en la batalla de Nagyszőllős, ante la falta de refuerzos germánicos.
Se convirtió en el consejero personal de Apafi y posteriormente en el "general del país", siendo la persona de mayor influencia ante el monarca transilvano. De esta forma intervino constantemente en las decisiones de Estado asistido por la esposa de Apafi, Ana Bornemissza.
