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The Roman Empire is generally understood to mean the period and territory ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome. It included territories in Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia and was ruled by emperors.
- Imperio romano
Según ciertas periodizaciones, la caída del Imperio...
- History of the Roman Empire
The history of the Roman Empire covers the history of...
- List of Roman Emperors
The Roman emperors were the rulers of the Roman Empire from...
- History of Rome
The Western Roman Empire collapsed in 476 after the city was...
- Imperio romano
Según ciertas periodizaciones, la caída del Imperio occidental y oriental marca el inicio y fin de la Edad Media . En el inmenso territorio del Imperio romano se fundaron muchas de las grandes e importantes ciudades de la actual Europa Occidental, el norte de África, Anatolia y el Levante.
- 27 BC–AD 14: Augustus
- 14–68: Julio-Claudian Dynasty
- 68–69: Year of The Four Emperors
- 69–96: Flavian Dynasty
- 96–180: Five Good Emperors
- 180–193: Commodus and The Year of The Five Emperors
- 193–235: Severan Dynasty
- 235–284: Crisis of The Third Century
- Late Roman Empire
- See Also
Octavian, the grandnephew and adopted son of Julius Caesar, had made himself a central military figure during the chaotic period following Caesar's assassination. In 43 BC, at the age of twenty he became one of the three members of the Second Triumvirate, a political alliance with Marcus Lepidus and Mark Antony. Octavian and Antony defeated the las...
Augustus had three grandsons by his daughter Julia the Elder: Gaius Caesar, Lucius Caesar and Agrippa Postumus. None of the three lived long enough to succeed him. He therefore was succeeded by his stepson Tiberius. Tiberius was the son of Livia, the third wife of Augustus, by her first marriage to Tiberius Nero. Augustus was a scion of the gens Ju...
Since he had no heir, Nero's suicide was followed by a brief period of civil war, known as the "Year of the Four Emperors". Between June 68 and December 69, Rome witnessed the successive rise and fall of Galba, Otho and Vitellius until the final accession of Vespasian, first ruler of the Flavian dynasty. The military and political anarchy created b...
The Flavians, although a relatively short-lived dynasty, helped restore stability to an empire on its knees. Although all three have been criticised, especially based on their more centralised style of rule, they issued reforms that created a stable enough empire to last well into the 3rd century. However, their background as a military dynasty led...
The next century came to be known as the period of the "Five Good Emperors", in which the succession was peaceful and the Empire prosperous. The emperors of this period were Nerva (96–98), Trajan (98–117), Hadrian (117–138), Antoninus Pius (138–161) and Marcus Aurelius (161–180), each one adopted by his predecessor as his successor during the forme...
Commodus
The period of the "Five Good Emperors" was brought to an end by the reign of Commodus from 180 to 192. Commodus was the son of Marcus Aurelius, making him the first direct successor in a century, breaking the scheme of adoptive successors that had worked so well. He was co-emperor with his father from 177. When he became sole emperor upon the death of his father in 180, it was at first seen as a hopeful sign by the people of the Roman Empire. Nevertheless, as generous and magnanimous as his f...
Pertinax
After the murder had been carried out, Pertinax, who was serving as urban prefect at this time, was hurried to the Praetorian Camp and proclaimed emperor the following morning. His short reign (86 days) was an uneasy one. He attempted to emulate the restrained practices of Marcus Aurelius, and made an effort to reform the welfare programme for poor childrenbut he faced antagonism from many quarters. His monetary reform was far-sighted, but would not survive his death. He attempted to impose s...
Didius Julianus
Upon his accession, Julianus immediately devalued the Roman currency by decreasing the silver purity of the denarius from 87% to 81.5%. After the initial confusion had subsided, the population did not tamely submit to the dishonour brought upon Rome. Whenever Julianus appeared in public he was saluted with groans, imprecations, and shouts of "robber and parricide." The mob tried to obstruct his progress to the Capitol, and even threw stones. When news of the public anger in Rome spread across...
Septimius Severus
Lucius Septimius Severus was born to a family of Phoenician equestrian rank in the Roman province of Africa proconsularis. He rose through military service to consular rank under the later Antonines. Proclaimed emperor in 193 by his legionaries in Noricum during the political unrest that followed the death of Commodus, he secured sole rule over the empire in 197 after defeating his last rival, Clodius Albinus, at the Battle of Lugdunum. In securing his position as emperor, he founded the Seve...
Caracalla and Geta
The eldest son of Severus, Caracalla was born Lucius Septimius Bassianus in Lugdunum, Gaul. "Caracalla" was a nickname referring to the Gallic hooded tunic he habitually wore even when he slept. Before his father's death, Caracalla was proclaimed co-emperor with his father and brother Geta. Conflict between the two culminated in the assassination of the latter. Unlike the much more successful joint reign of Marcus Aurelius and his brother Lucius Verus in the previous century, relations were h...
Interlude: Macrinus and Diadumenian
Macrinus was born in 164 at Caesarea. Although coming from a humble background that was not dynastically related to the Severan dynasty, he rose through the imperial household until, under the emperor Caracalla, he was made prefect of the Praetorian Guard. On account of the cruelty and treachery of the emperor, Macrinus became involved in a conspiracy to kill him, and ordered the Praetorian Guard to do so. On 8 April 217, Caracalla was assassinated travelling to Carrhae. Three days later, Mac...
The situation of the Roman Empire became dire in AD 235, when the emperor Severus Alexander was murdered by his own troops. Many Roman legions had been defeated during a campaign against Germanic peoples raiding across the borders, while the emperor was focused primarily on the dangers from the Sassanid Persian Empire. Leading his troops personally...
As a matter of historical convention, the late Roman Empire emerged from the Principate (the early Roman Empire), with the accession of Diocletian in 284, following the Third Century Crisis of AD 235–284. The end of the late Empire is usually marked in the west with the collapse of the western empire in AD 476, while in the east its end is disputed...
El Imperio romano de Occidente 4 fue una entidad política de la Antigüedad que existió entre los años 286 n. 2 n. 3 y 476. n. 4 Abarcaba el área occidental de Europa —al oeste de los ríos Rin y Drina — buena parte de Gran Bretaña y la franja mediterránea de África, al norte del desierto del Sáhara hasta Libia.
The Roman emperors were the rulers of the Roman Empire from the granting of the name and title Augustus to Octavian by the Roman Senate in 27 BC onward. Augustus maintained a facade of Republican rule, rejecting monarchical titles but calling himself princeps senatus (first man of the Senate ) and princeps civitatis (first citizen of ...
PortraitNameReignSuccessionMaximinus I "Thrax" Gaius Julius Verus ...c. March 235 – c. June 238 [k] (3 years ...Proclaimed emperor by Germanic legions ...c. 172–180 – c. June 238 (aged approx.Gordian I Marcus Antonius Gordianus ...c. April – c. May 238 (22 days)Proclaimed emperor alongside his son, ...c. 158 (?) – c. May 238 (aged approx. 80) ...Gordian II Marcus Antonius Gordianus ...c. April – c. May 238 (22 days)Proclaimed emperor alongside his father ...c. 192 – c. May 238 (aged approx. 46) The ...Pupienus Marcus Clodius Pupienus Maximusc. May – c. August 238 (99 days)Proclaimed emperor jointly with Balbinus ...c. 164 – c. August 238 (aged approx. 74) ...The Western Roman Empire collapsed in 476 after the city was conquered by the Ostrogothic Kingdom. Consequently Rome's power declined, and it eventually became part of the Eastern Roman Empire, as the Duchy of Rome, from the 6th to 8th centuries.
Hace 3 días · Roman Empire, the ancient empire, centered on the city of Rome, that was established in 27 BCE following the demise of the Roman Republic and continuing to the final eclipse of the empire in the West in the 5th century CE. Learn more about the Roman Empire in this article.
