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  1. In the Babylonian creation epic, the Enûma Eliš, after the separation of heaven and earth, the goddess Tiamat and her consort Abzu are the only deities in existence. A male-female pair, they mate and Tiamat gives birth to the first generation of gods.

    • Marduk
    • Sin/Nannar
    • Ningal
    • Utu/Shamash
    • Enlil/Elil
    • Inanna/Ishtar
    • Anu
    • APSU
    • Enki/Ea/Ae
    • Dumuzid/Tammuz

    Mardukis considered to be the primary deity of Babylonia and one of the most central figures in the Mesopotamian religion. Marduk was considered to be the national God of Babylonia and was often simply called “Lord”. In the early stages of his cult, Marduk was viewed as a god of thunderstorms. As it usually happens with ancient gods, beliefs change...

    Sinwas also known as Nannar, or Nanna, and was a deity shared by Sumerians, Assyrians, Babylonians, and Akkadians. He was a part of the wider Mesopotamian religion but was also one of the most beloved gods of Babylon. Sin’s seat was the Ziggurat of Urin the Sumerian empire where he was worshipped as one of the main gods. By the time Babylon started...

    Ningal was an ancient Sumerian goddess of reeds, but her cult survived until the rise of Babylon. Ningal was the consort of Sin or Nanna, the god of the moon and cattle herders. She was a beloved goddess, worshipped in the city of Ur. Ningal’s name means “Queen” or “The Great Lady”. She was the daughter of Enkiand Ninhursag. We sadly do not know mu...

    Utu is an ancient sun deity of Mesopotamia, but in Babylon he was also known as Shamash and was associated with truth, justice, and morality. Utu/Shamash was the twin brother of Ishtar/Inanna, the ancient Mesopotamian goddess of love, beauty, justice, and fertility. Utu is described as riding a heavenly chariot that resembled the sun. He was in cha...

    Enlilis an ancient Mesopotamian god that predates the Babylonian era. He was a Mesopotamian deity of wind, air, earth, and storms and it is believed that he was one of the most important gods of the Sumerian pantheon. Being such a powerful deity, Enlil was also worshipped by the Akkadians, Assyrians, and Babylonians. He had temples built all over M...

    Inanna, also known as Ishtar, is an ancient Sumerian goddess of war, sex, and fertility. In the Akkadian pantheon, she was known as Ishtar and was one of the primary deities of the Akkadians. Mesopotamians believed that she was the daughter of Sin/Nanna, the moon god. In ancient times she was also associated with different possessions that humans w...

    Anu was a divine personification of the sky. Being an ancient supreme god, he was considered by many cultures in Mesopotamia to be the ancestor of all people. This is why he was not worshipped as other deities, as he was considered more as an ancestral deity. The Mesopotamians preferred to worship his children. Anu is described as having two sons, ...

    The worship of Apsu began during the Akkadian Empire. He was considered to be the god of water and a primordial ocean that encircled the earth. Apsu is also portrayed as having created the first gods who then took over control and became the main gods. Apsu is even described as a freshwater ocean that existed before anything else on earth. Apsu mer...

    Enki was also one of the main gods of the Sumerian religion. He was also known as Ea or Ae in ancient Babylon. Enki was the god of magic, creation, crafts, and mischief. He is considered to be one of the old gods in the Mesopotamian religion and his name loosely translates as Lord of the earth.

    Dumuzid, or Tammuz, was the protector of shepherds and the consort of goddess Ishtar/Inanna. Belief in Dumuzid goes as far back as ancient Sumer and he was celebrated and worshipped in Uruk. Mesopotamians believed that Dumuzid caused the change of seasons. A popular myth involving Ishtar and Tamuz parallels the story of Persephone in Greek mytholog...

  2. 11 de feb. de 2024 · The gods of Mesopotamia are first evidenced during the Ubaid Period (c. 5000-4100 BCE) when temples were raised to them, but their worship developed during the Uruk Period (4100-2900 BCE) and their names appear in writing beginning in the Early Dynastic Period (2900-2334 BCE) in Sumer alongside the development of the ziggurat.

    • Joshua J. Mark
    • Content Director
  3. Babylonian gods. Babylonia mainly focused on the god Marduk, who is the national god of the Babylonian empire. However, there were also other gods that were worshipped. These are the seven deities: Enlil; Enki; Inanna; Nabu; Nanna-Suen; Ninhursag; Utu

  4. AncientMesopotamian religion. The following is a family tree of gods and goddesses from Babylonian mythology .

  5. 25 de feb. de 2011 · These gods then rise from the underworld to earth and sky in keeping with the motif of the fertility myth of the dying and reviving god. The Babylonian goddess of the same name is derived from this Sumerian deity, originally introduced by the Akkadians.

  6. 21 de abr. de 2019 · The names and characters of Mesopotamian gods and goddesses evolved over the millennia of the Mesopotamian civilization, leading to thousands of different gods and goddesses, only a few of which are listed here. That reflects the political reality of change brought about by costly battles.