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A volcano is an opening in Earth ’s crust. When a volcano erupts, hot gases and melted rock from deep within Earth find their way up to the surface. This material may flow slowly out of a fissure, or crack, in the ground, or it may explode suddenly into the air. Volcanic eruptions may be very destructive.
- Magma Reservoir
- Lava
- Primary Vent
- Throat
- Conduit
- Crater
- Secondary Vent
- Secondary Cone
- Lava Flow
- Ash Cloud
It is a large pool of molten rock found underneath the Earth’s crust. The molten rock remains under extreme pressure, which causes the surrounding rock to crack and fracture, creating an outflow of the magma. Being less dense than the surrounding mantle allows the magma to seep up to the surface through the cracks. When the magma reaches the surfac...
It is the molten rock or magma that erupts from the volcano. The extreme heat of the Earth’s crust causes the silicate rocks to melt, causing the lava to release with a temperature between 700 to 1,200 °C (1,292 to 2,192 °F). As the lava reaches the surface and comes in contact with the air, it cools down and hardens.
It is the primary opening in the Earth’s surface through which magma and volcanic gases escape into the atmosphere. Primary vents can be of different shapes consisting of a single, circular-shaped structure, a large elongated fissure, or a tiny crack in the ground.
It is the uppermost portion of the primary vent. The throat is the entrance to the volcano from where lava and volcanic ash are ejected.
It is the underground passage through which magma and volcanic gases travel upwards towards the vent.
Also known as a cone, it is the mouth of the volcano. In addition to the cone, volcanic activity can also lead to circular, basin-shaped depressions forming in the Earth. It is typically large in radius and great in-depth. In such cases, the lava vent is located at the bottom of the crater. It is formed during particular eruptions when the volcano’...
On large volcanoes, there are multiple smaller outlets through which magma escapes, known as secondary vents. When the magma reaching the surface is interrupted by accumulated ash and solidified lava, they form what is known as a dike. In contrast, when the magma hardens, it forms a flat piece of rock called a sill.
Also known as a parasitic cone, it forms around the secondary vent that reaches large volcanoes’ surface. When volcanoes deposit lava and ash on the outside, they form a smaller cone, resembling the primary cone’s horn.
It is a magma mass that pours onto the Earth’s surface during an eruption involving moving lava and its hard deposits. Lava flow comes in a great variety of shapes and sizes. This variation is due to a wide range in lava discharge during the eruption, characteristics of the erupting vent, topology over which lava travels, and lava’s viscosity. If t...
It is made of small pieces of pulverized rock, minerals, and volcanic glass formed during a volcanic eruption. The fragments of ash are tiny, measuring less than 2 mm (0.079 inches) in diameter. The ash cloud forms when groundwater, heated by magma, changes to steam. The steam combined with magma reaches the surface, causing the dissolved volcanic ...
Check out these fascinating volcano facts with National Geographic Kids! What is a volcano? Why does it erupt? And where can you find the world's biggest?
6 de may. de 2024 · What Is a Volcano? | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids. The Short Answer: A volcano is an opening on the surface of a planet or moon that allows material warmer than its surroundings to escape from its interior. When this material escapes, it causes an eruption. Lava fountain at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai`i. Credit: J.D Griggs, USGS.
26 de ene. de 2023 · Below we've written what's going on inside a volcano for kids, just like you, to enjoy. A Look Inside a Volcano for Kids. There are several parts of a volcano, each working together to produce an eruption. The main volcano parts include: Ash Cloud - A cloud of ash formed by volcanic explosions: When a volcano erupts, it spews ash ...
Volcanoes 101. Volcanoes prove that beneath its calm surface, Earth remains a living planet. Volcanoes, like Mauna Loa in Hawaii, are effusive. Rather than a violent explosion, lava pours or flows out. Fatalities from effusive volcanoes are rare because people can usually outrun the lava. However, some people get too close or become trapped ...
18 de mar. de 2015 · 9.6M views 9 years ago. Learn what a volcano is and how does it erupt Hey kids! Have you ever heard of a volcanic eruption? Do words like Molten Rock, Lava an ...more.
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