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For much of the Middle English period (circa 1100 to the late 1400s), communication in English was essentially local, with first French and then Latin used for government and law. As a result, there was no shared national Middle English dialect, but rather great regional diversity in both speech and writing.
After Old and Middle English comes the third stage of the English language, known as Modern English, which began in the 16th century and continues to the present day. The Early Modern English period, or Early New English, emerged after the introduction of the printing press in England in 1476, which meant that books could be mass-produced, and more people learned to read and write.
9 de ene. de 2020 · First, we have a new distinction in the mid-vowels. Where Old English only had the distinction mid, Middle English had yet another: close-mid and open-mid. Note, however, that this affected only the long vowels – not the short ones. Additionally, we see the addition of several “new” vowels – such as /ɛː/ and /ɔː/ – and the loss of ...
Introduction. 1 Old English and its afterlife. 2 Anglo-Norman cultures in England, 1066–1460. 3 Early Middle English. 4 National, world and women’s history: writers and readers in post-Conquest England. 5 Latinitas. 6 Romance in England, 1066–1400. II WRITING IN THE BRITISH ISLES. III INSTITUTIONAL PRODUCTION.
Middle English Dictionary. The world's largest searchable database of Middle English lexicon and usage for the period 1100-1500. An invaluable resource for lexicographers, language scholars, and all scholars in medieval studies. Image: The Ellesmer Manuscript of Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales, c. 1400-1405.
The Status of Middle English. Geoffrey Chaucer probably spoke French from his earliest age, for when he was born, the custom was still as Ranulph Higden (died 1364) described it a few years earlier: Children in school, contrary to the usage and custom of other nations, are compelled to drop their own language and to construe their lessons and ...
Go to the Middle English Dictionary Bibliography A description of the authors, works, manuscripts, and editions cited in the Dictionary, the Bibliography also defines the abbreviated forms under which those works are referred to, and provides cross-references to major reference sites to allow further study.
