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11 de nov. de 2019 · Ascending to the Swedish throne at the tender age of 16 in 1611, Gustavus Adolphus inherited not one, not two, but three ongoing wars from his father.
普法尔茨选帝侯古斯塔夫·阿道夫（Gustav Adolphus，普法尔茨公爵，1632年1月14日—1641年1月9日）是波西米亚的“冬季国王”，普法尔茨选帝侯腓特烈五世（维特尔斯巴赫家族）。他是他妻子所生的最后一个儿子。他就是英国伊丽莎白·斯图尔特公主。
In 1630, the Swedish king, Gustavus Adolphus, received financial backing from the French to oppose the Habsburgs and their forces. Under the leadership of its savvy royal minister, Cardinal Richelieu, France worked to hold its Habsburg rivals in check despite the shared Catholicism of the French and Habsburg states.
Gustavus Adolphus was born in Stockholm. His parents were Charles IX of Sweden and his second wife, Christina of Holstein-Gottorp. When his father died in October 1611, while Gustavus was only 16 years old, he became King of Sweden.
Frederick IV had hoped that his daughter Katharina would marry the future Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, although this never came to pass.
The Role of Sweden in the Thirty Years’ War. The brief, brilliant campaigns of Gustavus Adolphus dominate the history of the Thirty Years’ War for many. More broadly, the duel between Swedish and Imperial forces has become the defining conflict of the war, with the twelve years that preceded it being relegated to the background.
