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A major physical obstacle blocking Spanish communications was the Palatinate, a rich area in the Rhineland ruled by a Calvinist prince, the Elector Palatine. In 1618 the Elector Palatine, Frederick V, also headed the Protestant Union. Frederick hoped to break the Catholic hold on the office of emperor upon the death of the emperor Matthias (r. 1612-1619), who was old and childless.
Frederick "Winter's King" (Czech: Fridrich Falcký; German: Friedrich) (16 August 1596 - 29 November 1632) was the King of Bohemia from 1619 until 1620, and the Elector Palatine from 1610 until 1623 (pretender 1623 - 1632). Frederick was born in Deinschwang near Amberg in 1596 as the eldest son of Frederick IV, Elector Palatine. He succeeded his father in 1610. In 1619 the estates and people ...
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Frederick III (born Feb. 14, 1515, Simmern, Ger.—died Oct. 26, 1576, Heidelberg, Rhenish Palatinate) was the elector Palatine of the Rhine (1559–76) and a leader of the German Protestant princes who worked for a Protestant victory in Germany, France, and the Netherlands. Frederick adopted Lutheranism in 1546 and Calvinism somewhat later.
Princess Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia and Electress Palatine; Frederick Henry, Prince of the Palatinate; Frederick V, King of Bohemia and Elector Palatine. by Simon de Passe line engraving, circa 1616-1620 NPG D33599
Early life Sophia, dressed as an indigenous American. Painted by her sister (circa 1644), Louise Hollandine of the Palatinate The twelfth child and fifth daughter of Frederick V of the Palatinate and Elizabeth Stuart, also known as the "Winter King and Queen of Bohemia" for their short rule in that country, Sophia was born in The Wassenaer Hof, The Hague, Dutch Republic, where her parents had ...
Jan 1, 1614 - Jan 7, 1629. Henry Frederick, Electoral Prince of the Palatinate, was the eldest son of Frederick V, the Winter King, and his wife, Elizabeth Stuart, daughter of King James VI of Scotland and I of England. As soon as the prince was born, Elizabeth ordered "pieces" using the English word, meaning the firing of cannon to celebrate ...
