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With the notable exception of proclaiming Roman Catholicism as the official and sole legal religion in Spain, the constitution was one of the most liberal of its time: it affirmed national sovereignty, separation of powers, freedom of the press, free enterprise, abolished corporate privileges , and established a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system.
Its government was a representative parliamentary constitutional monarchy under the rule of Emperors Pedro I and his son Pedro II. A colony of the Kingdom of Portugal , Brazil became the seat of the Portuguese Empire in 1808, when the Portuguese Prince regent, later King Dom John VI , fled from Napoleon 's invasion of Portugal and established himself and his government in the Brazilian city of ...
The monarchy of Australia is a key component of Australia's form of government, embodied by the Australian sovereign and head of state. The Australian monarchy is a constitutional one , modelled on the Westminster system of parliamentary government , while incorporating features unique to the constitution of Australia .
In September 2020, the Governor-General announced in the Throne Speech that Barbados would transition from a constitutional monarchy to a republic by the end of November 2021. [2] [3] The monarchy was abolished on 30 November 2021, when Barbados became a republic within the Commonwealth , with a president as its head of state .
The Norwegian monarch is the head of state of Norway, which is a constitutional and hereditary monarchy with a parliamentary system.The Norwegian monarchy can trace its line back to the reign of Harald Fairhair and the previous petty kingdoms which were united to form Norway; it has been in unions with both Sweden and Denmark for long periods.
The monarchy of New Zealand [n 1] is the constitutional system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of New Zealand. [3] The current monarch, King Charles III, acceded to the throne following the death of his mother, Queen Elizabeth II, on 8 September 2022 in the United Kingdom. [4]
Monarchs of the Irish Free State and Ireland. George V (1922–1936) (The Irish Free State became a self-governing Dominion of the British Empire and subsequently, in 1931, a legislatively independent country.) Arguably George VI (1936–1949), whose status was diminished (see Irish head of state from 1922 to 1949).
