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    bridge, structure that spans horizontally between supports, whose function is to carry vertical loads. The prototypical bridge is quite simple—two supports holding up a beam—yet the engineering problems that must be overcome even in this simple form are inherent in every bridge: the supports must be strong enough to hold the structure up, and the span between supports must be strong enough to carry the loads. Spans are generally made as short as possible; long spans are justified where good foundations are limited—for example, over estuaries with deep water.

    All major bridges are built with the public’s money. Therefore, bridge design that best serves the public interest has a threefold goal: to be as efficient, as economical, and as elegant as is safely possible. Efficiency is a scientific principle that puts a value on reducing materials while increasing performance. Economy is a social principle that puts value on reducing the costs of construction and maintenance while retaining efficiency. Finally, elegance is a symbolic or visual principle that puts value on the personal expression of the designer without compromising performance or economy. There is little disagreement over what constitutes efficiency and economy, but the definition of elegance has always been controversial.

    Modern designers have written about elegance or aesthetics since the early 19th century, beginning with the Scottish engineer Thomas Telford. Bridges ultimately belong to the general public, which is the final arbiter of this issue, but in general there are three positions taken by professionals. The first principle holds that the structure of a bridge is the province of the engineer and that beauty is fully achieved only by the addition of architecture. The second idea, arguing from the standpoint of pure engineering, insists that bridges making the most efficient possible use of materials are by definition beautiful. The third case holds that architecture is not needed but that engineers must think about how to make the structure beautiful. This last principle recognizes the fact that engineers have many possible choices of roughly equal efficiency and economy and can therefore express their own aesthetic ideas without adding significantly to materials or cost.

    Generally speaking, bridges can be divided into two categories: standard overpass bridges or unique-design bridges over rivers, chasms, or estuaries. This article describes features common to both types, but it concentrates on the unique bridges because of their greater technical, economic, and aesthetic interest.

    Britannica Quiz

    Bridge Quiz

    There are six basic bridge forms: the beam, the truss, the arch, the suspension, the cantilever, and the cable-stay.

  1. 5 de jul. de 2023 · Bridges are made up of various structural elements that keep the bridges functional and safe for long-term use. While not every bridge is built the same, these general components make up a basic bridge structure. Deck: The deck is the roadway surface of the bridge, where vehicles, pedestrians or other forms of traffic travel.

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  2. The Bridge Is Built ( Russian: Строится мост) is a 1965 Soviet drama film directed by Gavriil Egiazarov and Oleg Efremov. [1] [2] [3] Plot. The film tells about the Moscow correspondent who goes to Saratov, where the construction of a highway bridge across the Volga is in progress. [4] Cast. Igor Vasilev as Sasha Malashkin.

  3. 10 de dic. de 2019 · The Øresund Bridge is one of the most mesmerizing structures ever built, thanks to the fact that it transforms into an underwater tunnel. Published: Dec 10, 2019 03:42 AM EST. Trevor English....

  4. The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate, the one-mile-wide (1.6 km) strait connecting San Francisco Bay and the Pacific Ocean.

  5. The Bridge Is Built ( Russian: Строится мост) is a 1965 Soviet drama movie directed by Gavriil Egiazarov and Oleg Efremov. [1] [2] It stars Igor Vasilev, Oleg Tabakov, and Liliya Tolmacheva . Actors. Igor Vasilev as Sasha Malashkin. Oleg Tabakov as Sergei Zaytsev. Liliya Tolmacheva as Perova (as Lidiya Tolmachyova) Galina Volchek as Young Girl.