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William Cecil, I barón de Burghley (Lincolnshire, 13 de septiembre de 1520 – Londres, 4 de agosto de 1598) fue un estadista inglés, principal consejero de la reina Isabel I durante la mayor parte de su reinado, dos veces secretario de Estado (1550-1553 y 1558-1572) y lord alto tesorero desde 1572.
- William Paulet
- Thomas Sackville
William Cecil. (William Cecil, barón de Burghley o Burleigh; Bourne, 1520 - Londres, 1598) Político inglés. Fue uno de los principales consejeros de Isabel I y apoyó a la Iglesia anglicana. Promulgó las poor laws, reforzó la flota y, aunque quiso evitar el enfrentamiento con España, terminó derrotándola en el episodio de la Armada ...
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William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley (born Sept. 13, 1520, Bourne, Lincolnshire, Eng.—died Aug. 5, 1598, London) principal adviser to England’s Queen Elizabeth I through most of her reign. Cecil was a master of Renaissance statecraft, whose talents as a diplomat, politician, and administrator won him high office and a peerage.
By service to the Tudors and marriage to local heiresses Cecil’s father and grandfather acquired wealth, office, and the status of gentry. In childhood William served as a page of the robes at court, where his father was a groom of the wardrobe. In 1535 he entered St. John’s College, Cambridge, where he studied classics under the versatile humanist John Cheke and came under Protestant influence. At the age of 20 he fell in love with Cheke’s sister, Mary. They were married in 1541, but she died in 1543, leaving him a son, Thomas.
In 1542, for defending royal policy, William was rewarded by Henry VIII with a place in the Court of Common Pleas. A year later he first entered Parliament. Through his second marriage, to the learned and pious Mildred Cooke in 1545, he joined an influential Protestant circle at court; it included his father-in-law, Sir Anthony Cooke, his former brother-in-law, John Cheke, the future protector, Edward Seymour (Lord Hertford and duke of Somerset), and the queen consort Catherine Parr, for whom Cecil edited a devotional tract. When Edward VI succeeded, Cecil joined the protector Somerset’s household and in 1548 became his secretary. On Somerset’s first fall from power, in 1549, Cecil was briefly imprisoned in the Tower of London. By acting as go-between for Somerset and his rival, John Dudley, earl of Warwick, Cecil regained favour and became in 1550 a councillor and one of the two secretaries to the King, alongside William Petre. After Somerset’s final fall, in 1551, Cecil was knighted by the victorious Warwick, who assumed the dukedom of Northumberland. Cecil was committed to Northumberland; but, when the Duke proposed to alter the succession, Cecil, though fearing for his life and contemplating flight, sided with the judges in opposition. He capitulated to Northumberland only on royal command. Ever loyal to the Tudors, Cecil deserted Northumberland after Edward VI’s death. He approached the triumphant Mary Tudor as representative of the council, winning her approval as “a very honest man.”
As junior secretary, Cecil had had little scope under Edward VI. He shared neither the social idealism nor the iconoclastic urge of the more extreme reformists at court. He did share in the spoils of a corrupt government; but he established himself as an able bureaucrat, a moderate with a sense of legal propriety, and, like his ally the archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Cranmer, a gradualist in religious reform. Yet, although offered employment on Mary’s accession, he, unlike most of his colleagues, withdrew from the Catholic court. On Elizabeth’s accession, in 1558, Cecil was appointed her sole secretary. His first major diplomatic achievement was to persuade a reluctant queen to intervene in Scotland and conclude the Treaty of Edinburgh (1560), which removed French forces from Scotland. His gift for compromise facilitated the church settlement in 1559; his financial sense, the recoinage in 1561. Elizabeth’s flirtation with John Dudley’s son Robert, however, weakened Cecil’s position. Despite threats of resignation and opposition to Robert Dudley, Cecil retained Elizabeth’s trust and was rewarded with the lucrative mastership of the Court of Wards in 1561.
Decision on the succession was necessary to settle policies. While Cecil intrigued to thwart Dudley, he sympathized with Protestant efforts in Parliament to make Elizabeth marry. He resisted Mary Stuart’s claims to succeed but recommended the Habsburg suitor, the archduke Charles. Dudley, capturing the initiative, backed an ill-fated expedition to France to aid the Huguenots, which ended in the Treaty of Troyes, became a councillor, and in 1564 became earl of Leicester. On the defensive, Cecil restored the balance by introducing Thomas Howard, 4th duke of Norfolk, into the council. But the consequences of Mary Stuart’s marriage to Lord Darnley in 1565 worked to Cecil’s disadvantage; Cecil’s hopes of drawing England and Scotland together were threatened.
Mary Stuart’s flight to England in 1568 embarrassed Cecil; although it opened diplomatic opportunities in Scotland, it led to Norfolk’s plan to marry the widowed queen of Scots. Norfolk opposed Cecil over Mary’s fate, over secret aid to the Huguenots, and over policy toward Spain. Resenting the threat of the Duke of Alba’s Spanish army in the Netherlands, Cecil nearly precipitated war in December 1568 by instigating the seizure of ships carrying bullion to Alba, who retaliated by closing Antwerp to English trade. Leicester joined Norfolk, and they prepared to oust Cecil; but they faltered before the Queen’s support for her secretary.
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9 de sept. de 2020 · Who was William Cecil, Lord Burghley? William Cecil (1520/1–98) appears omnipresent in Elizabethan history. His proximity to Queen Elizabeth I – and the dominant role that he played in government – makes it hard to write a history of the reign without seeing it partly through Cecil’s eyes.
- Rachel Dinning
10 de jun. de 2020 · William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley (1520-1598 CE) was Elizabeth I of England 's most important minister for much of her reign (1558-1603 CE). Lord Burghley was Secretary of State for both Edward VI of England (r. 1547-1553 CE) and Elizabeth.
- Mark Cartwright
Vida y Biografía de William Cecil (William Cecil, barón de Burghley o Burleigh; Bourne, 1520-Londres, 1598) Político inglés. Fue uno de los más importantes consejeros de Isabel I y apoyó a la Iglesia anglicana. No logró eludir el combate con España (episodio de la Armada Invencible en 1588), decretó las poor laws y fortaleció la flota.
William Cecil, I barón de Burghley ( Lincolnshire, 13 de septiembre de 1520 – Londres, 4 de agosto de 1598) fue un estadista inglés, principal consejero de la reina Isabel I durante la mayor parte de su reinado, dos veces secretario de Estado (1550-1553 y 1558-1572) y lord alto tesorero desde 1572.
