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Māori Americans are Americans of Māori descent, an ethnic group from New Zealand. Some Māori are Mormons and are drawn to Mormon regions of Hawaii and Utah, as well as in California, Arizona and Nevada. Māori were part of the first Mormon Polynesian colony of the US, which was founded in Utah in 1889.
- Inmigración maorí en los Estados Unidos
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- Inmigración maorí en los Estados Unidos
Māori (Māori: [ˈmaːɔɾi] ⓘ) are the indigenous Polynesian people of mainland New Zealand . Māori originated with settlers from East Polynesia, who arrived in New Zealand in several waves of canoe voyages between roughly 1320 and 1350.
- History
- Demographics
- Socioeconomics
- Culture
- Further Reading
19th century
There was no known prehistoric contact between Australian Aboriginal people and New Zealand Māori, although the Polynesian ancestors of Māori were accomplished navigators, who did establish short-lived settlements on Norfolk Island. The first Māori known to have visited Australia travelled to Sydney (then known as Port Jackson, or Poihākena in te reo Māori) in 1793. Ngahuruhuru and Tuki Tahua from the Bay of Islands were taken against their will by Governor Philip Gidley King to Norfolk Islan...
21st century
In 2001, the Australian Government tightened immigration regulations. While New Zealanders arriving in Australia have freedom to work through a non-protected Special Category Visa, they are unable to access social security, tertiary student loans, and other economic opportunities unless they obtain permanent residence. These policy changes have affected Māori in Australia. According to Haami, half of all New Zealand-born Māori who arrived prior to 1971 are Australian citizens. In 2011, only 2...
A 1933 census indicated there were 197 Māori living in Australia. That number increased to 449 in 1961, 862 in 1966, 26,000 in 1986 and 84,000 in 2001. According to Haami, the number of Māori emigrating to Australia rose from 290 in 1960 to 1,750 in 1967. By 1966, Australia was home to an estimated 4,000 Māori. The number of New Zealand-born Māori ...
Citizenship
According to the 2011 Australian census, only 16.6% of New Zealand–born Māori hold Australian citizenship. By contrast, the figure is 38% for New Zealand–born non-Māori and 63.7% for other people not born in Australia. Half of New Zealand–born Māori who arrived prior to 1971 are Australian citizens with the figure decreasing the more recently they arrived. The reduced citizenship rates among Māori reflects legislative changes to Australia's immigration policy in 2001 including the establishme...
Education
In 2011, only 45.2% of New Zealand–born Māori between the ages of 25 and 54 years living in Australia had graduated high school with a Year 12 qualification. Only about 6% of NZ–born Māori men held a bachelor's degree, compared to the Australian national average of 26% for men. Only a small proportion of Māori migrant men between the ages of 20 and 29 years were enrolled in university education. According to Te Puni Kōkiri, 54% of Australian-born Māori have high school qualifications in compa...
Employment
In 2013, 84% of Māori in Australia between the ages of 25 and 54 years were participating in the Australian labour force. In 2011, the labour force participation rate for New Zealand–born Māori males was 92.6% while that for Australian–born Māori was 87.5% due to the latter's higher participation in tertiary education. An estimated 89% of Māori migrant women in Australia were employed.Female Māori participation in the Australian workforce was 76%, a gendered difference consistent with both Mā...
Language use
In 1986 only 22% of Māori Australians spoke Māori (or Te Reo) at home, and very few children spoke the language. At present, Māori language classes exist in Australia in an attempt to preserve Te Reo there, and there is a Māori-language radio station in Sydney. In 2011, 6.3% of Māori living in Australia spoke Te Reo at home; a slight increase from the 5.7% recorded in 2006.In addition, 8.2% of NZ-born Māori spoke Te Reo at home, compared to 2.4% of Australian-born Māori.
Music and performing arts
Between the 1950s and 1980s, several Māori showbands emigrated to Australia to exploit opportunities in the music entertainment industry and to escape perceived racism at New Zealand music venues. Some notable showbands have included Gugi and Nuki Waaka's Maori Volcanics Showband, Prince Tui Teka's The Maori Troubadours, the Māori Hi-Five, the Quin Tikis, Māori Kavaliers, the Māori Castaways, and the Young Polynesians. The showband era began waning during the late 1970s, leading many musician...
Sports
Several Australian-based Māori have built successful careers in various sports including rugby union, rugby league, and volleyball. Stewart Simpson emigrated from Kawerau to Australia to play rugby and subsequently became the manager of the Australian national beach volleyball team. Another Māori Australian is Danielle Drady, a former professional squash player who became the World Number 2 woman player of 1991. She later established the first squash and fitness academy at the Emirates Golf a...
Haami, Bradford (2018). Urban Maori: The Second Great Migration. Auckland: Oratia Books. ISBN 9780947506285.Integrity Professionals (2014). Invest Bay of Plenty - Maori Migration Report (PDF) (Report). Bay of Plenty Regional Council. pp. 1–49. Retrieved 23 August 2018.Kamira, Jo (2012). "Maori". Dictionary of Sydney. Retrieved 4 October 2015.(History of Maori in Sydney)Kukutai, Tahu; Pawar, Shefali (2013). "A Socio-demographic Profile of Māori living in Australia" (PDF). NIDEA Working Papers (3 June 2013): 1–87. Retrieved 16 August 2018.Māori culture (Māori: Māoritanga) is the customs, cultural practices, and beliefs of the indigenous Māori people of New Zealand. It originated from, and is still part of, Eastern Polynesian culture.
Languages. English, Māori, Hindi, Punjabi. Related ethnic groups. Dougla. Eurasians. Māori people. Indian New Zealanders. Punjabi Mexican Americans. Māori Indians (or Indo-Māori) are an ethnic group in New Zealand of people with mixed Māori and Indian ancestry.
