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La India británica constituyó el régimen colonial instaurado por el Imperio británico en el subcontinente indio desde 1858 hasta 1947.
The British Raj (/ r ɑː dʒ / RAHJ; from Hindi rāj, 'kingdom', 'realm', 'state', or 'empire') was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent; it is also called Crown rule in India, or Direct rule in India, and lasted from 1858 to 1947.
- Portuguese
- Dutch
- English and British India
- French
- Danish
- Other External Powers
- Wars
- Further Reading
- External Links
The Portuguese, first arriving by ship in May 1498, began establishing trading outposts in India. The first successful voyage to India was by Vasco da Gama in 1498, when after sailing around the Cape of Good Hope he arrived in Calicut, now in Kerala. Having arrived there, he obtained permission from Saamoothiri Rajah to trade in the city. The navig...
The Dutch East India Company established trading posts along different parts of the Indian coast. For some time, they controlled the Malabar southwest coast (Pallipuram, Cochin, Cochin de Baixo/Santa Cruz, Quilon (Coylan), Cannanore, Kundapura, Kayamkulam, Ponnani) and the Coromandel southeastern coast (Golkonda, Bhimunipatnam, Pulicat, Parangippet...
Rivalry with the Netherlands
At the end of the 16th century, England and the United Netherlands began to challenge Portugal's monopoly of trade with Asia, forming private joint-stock companies to finance the voyages: the English (later British) East India Company, and the Dutch East India Company, were chartered in 1600 and 1602 respectively. These companies were intended to carry on the lucrative spice trade, and they focused their efforts on the areas of production, especially the Indonesian archipelago the "Spice Isla...
East India Company
In 1757, Mir Jafar, the commander-in-chief of the army of the Nawab of Bengal, along with Jagat Seth and some others secretly working with the British, asked for their support to overthrow the Nawab in return for trade grants. The British forces, whose sole duty until then was guarding Company property,[citation needed] were numerically inferior to the Bengali armed forces. At the Battle of Plassey on 23 June 1757, fought between the British under the command of Robert Clive and the Nawab, Mi...
British Raj
India suffered a series of crop failures in the late 19th century, leading to widespread famines that caused tens of millions of deaths in India. Responding to earlier famines as threats to the stability of their control, the East India Company had already begun to concern itself with famine prevention during the early colonial period. This greatly expanded during the Raj, in which commissions were set up after each famine to investigate the causes and implement new policies, which took until...
Following the Portuguese, English, and Dutch, the French also established trading bases in India. Their first establishment was in Pondicherry on the Coromandel Coast in southeastern India in 1674. Subsequent French settlements were Chandernagore in Bengal, northeastern India in 1688, Yanam in Andhra Pradesh in 1723, Mahe in 1725, and Karaikal in 1...
Denmark–Norway held several factories in India for more than 200 years, but the Danish presence in India was of little significance to the major European powers as they presented neither a military nor a mercantile threat. Denmark–Norway established trading outposts in Tranquebar, Tamil Nadu (1620); Serampore, West Bengal (1755); Calicut, Kerala (1...
Sweden
The Swedish East India Company (1731-1813) very briefly possessed a factory in Parangipettaifor about one month of 1733.
Austria
The Austrian colonisation of the Nicobar Islands (German: Nikobaren, renamed to the Theresia Islands [Theresia-Inseln]) involved a series of three separate attempts to colonize and settle the Nicobar Islands by the Habsburg monarchy, and later the Austrian Empire, between 1778 and 1886. During the period of Austrian colonisation, the Nicobar Islands were previously colonized by the Danish in 1756, but were abandoned due to multiple outbreaks of malaria.
Japanese occupation
The Andaman and Nicobar Islands were briefly occupied by the Japanese Empire during World War II.
The wars that took place involving the British East India Company or British India during the colonial era: 1. Anglo-Afghan War 2. Anglo-Burmese Wars 3. Anglo-Manipur War 4. Anglo-Maratha Wars 5. Anglo-Marri Wars 6. Anglo-Mysore Wars 7. Anglo-Nepalese War(Gorkha War) 8. Anglo-Sikh War 9. British conquest of Sindh 10. Indian Rebellion of 1857(First ...
Andrada (undated). The Life of Dom John de Castro: The Fourth Vice Roy of India. Jacinto Freire de Andrada. Translated into English by Peter Wyche. (1664). Henry Herrington, New Exchange, London. F...Crosthwaite, Charles (1905). "India: Past, Present, and Future" . The Empire and the Century. London: John Murray. pp. 621–650.Herbert, William; William Nichelson; Samuel Dunn (1791). A New Directory for the East-Indies. Gilbert & Wright, London.The Partition of India in 1947 was the change of political borders and the division of other assets that accompanied the dissolution of the British Raj in the Indian subcontinent and the creation of two independent dominions in South Asia: India and Pakistan.
- 14–15 August 1947
- Indian Independence Act 1947
- 200,000–2 million
- South Asia
The British Raj is also called the British Indian Empire or simply British India. The term "British Raj" is used for the direct British rule over areas that had been conquered by the British, which are known as British India and included the British influence over many independent princely states.
- British Colonial Government
The provinces of India, earlier presidencies of British India and still earlier, presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance on the Indian subcontinent. Collectively, they have been called British India .
The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region , initially with the East Indies (the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia ), and later with East Asia .
