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El protectorado francés de Túnez fue un protectorado del Imperio colonial francés establecido después de que Francia obtuviera el control del Beylicato de Túnez (nominalmente parte del Imperio Otomano) en 1881.
- Historia de Túnez
Protectorado francés. Del cuestionamiento del protectorado a...
- África del Norte Francesa
El protectorado francés de Túnez se estableció en 1881,...
- Historia de Túnez
De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia encyclopedia. El protectorado francés de Túnez fue un protectorado del Imperio colonial francés establecido después de que Francia obtuviera el control del Beylicato de Túnez (nominalmente parte del Imperio Otomano) en 1881.
- Context
- Conquest
- French Protectorate
- Organisation and Administration
- World War II
- Deposing The Bey
- Independence
- See Also
Background
In 1859, Tunisia was ruled by the Bey Muhammad III, and the powerful Prime Minister, Mustapha Khaznadar, who according to Wesseling "had been pulling the strings ever since 1837." Khaznadar was minister of finance and foreign affairs and was assisted by the interior, defence, and naval ministers. In 1861, Tunisia was granted a constitution with a clear division of ministerial powers and responsibilities, but in practice, Khaznadar was the absolute sovereign. He pursued reformist policies prom...
Congress of Berlin
The Congress of Berlin, held in 1878, convened to reorganise the states in the Balkan Peninsula after the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78, which had been won by Russia. At the Congress arrangements were also understood, e.g., by Germany and Britain, wherein France would be allowed to incorporate Tunisia. Italy was promised Tripolitania in what became Libya. Britain supported French influence in Tunisia in exchange for its own protectorate over Cyprus (recently "purchased" from the Ottomans), and...
Slap of Tunis
Italy had a strong interest in Tunisia since at least the early 19th century, and had briefly entertained the idea of invading the country in the 1860s.Italian was the lingua franca of Tunisian diplomacy well into the 19th century, and of the various expatriate communities in Tunis that did not speak Arabic. For this reason, the first foreign policy objective of Benedetto Cairoli's government was the colonisation of Tunisia, to which both France and Italy aspired. Cairoli, like Agostino Depre...
First Campaign
Taking the pretext of border incidents between the Algerian tribe of Ouled Nahd and the Tunisian tribe of Kroumirs on 30 and 31 March 1881, the French government led by Jules Ferry decided to send a force of 24,000 soldiers placed under the command of General Léonard-Léopold Forgemol de Bostquénard on the border between Tunisia and French Algeria. On 24 April 1881, French troops entered Tunisia from the north (Tabarka), the center of Kroumirie and Sakiet Sidi Youssef. Tabarka was invaded on 2...
Bardo Treaty
At 4 p.m., escorted by two squadrons of hussars, Bréart presented himself in front of the Bey's palace accompanied by his entire staff and most of the senior military officers. Tunisian soldiers honored them. They are introduced into the living room where Sadok Bey and the French consul Théodore Roustanare waiting for them. Fearing being deposed and replaced by his brother Taïeb Bey, the monarch signed the treaty at 7:11 p.m. However, he managed to prevent the French troops from entering the...
Second Campaign
The return to France of half of the military force encouraged the country to take up arms. The signal for the revolt was given by Sfax on 27 June. The local authorities were overwhelmed and the Europeans have to evacuate the city in disaster. The rebellion was put down by marines from the Mediterranean squadron who retook the city on 16 July after four hours of street fighting, as well as Gabèson 30 July. The whole country imitated the example of the Sfaxiens. In August, Kairouanwas taken ove...
France did not enlarge its Maghreb domain beyond Algeria for half a century. The next area for expansion, at the beginning of the 1880s, was Tunisia. With an area of 155,000 square kilometers, Tunisia was a small prize, but it occupied strategic importance, across the Algerian frontier and only 150 kilometers from Sicily; Tunisia offered good port ...
The Conventions of La Marsa, signed in 1883, by Bey Ali Muddat ibn al-Husayn, formally established the French protectorate. It deprived the Bey of Tunisof control over internal matters by committing him to implement administrative, judicial, and financial reform dictated by France. In Tunisia: Crossroads of the Islamic and European World, Kenneth J...
Many Tunisians took satisfaction in France's defeat by Germany in June 1940, but the nationalist parties derived no more substantive benefit from the fall of France. Despite his commitment to terminate the French protectorate, the pragmatic independence leader Habib Bourguiba had no desire to exchange the control of the French Republic for that of ...
The accession of Muhammad VII on 19 June 1942 was a surprise for the Tunisians. Very popular since he convinced his father to defend the Destour in April 1922, he had a reputation for being close to the people. From 10 August, he did not hesitate to enter into conflict with Jean-Pierre Esteva by presenting him with a memorandum grouping together 16...
Decolonisation proved a protracted and controversial affair. In Tunisia, nationalists demanded the return of the deposed Bey and institutional reform. In 1945, the two Destour parties joined other dissident groups to petition for autonomy. The following year, Habib Bourguiba and the Néo-Destour Party switched their aim to independence. Fearing arre...
Los otomanos dominaron el territorio durante más de trescientos años, hasta que, durante su decadencia en el XIX, Francia estableció un protectorado sobre el país en 1881. En 1956, el país se independizó como una monarquía constitucional, que fue derrocada al año siguiente.
Protectorado francés. Beylicato de Túnez. Apariencia. ocultar. Bandera usada por el bey de Túnez. El beylicato de Túnez fue fundado el 15 de julio de 1705, después de que la dinastía Husaynita liderada por Al-Husayn I ibn Ali derrotó a los Deys turcos. Historia. Dinastía husayní.
