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An appanage, or apanage (/ ˈ æ p ə n ɪ dʒ /; French: apanage), is the grant of an estate, title, office or other thing of value to a younger child of a monarch, who would otherwise have no inheritance under the system of primogeniture (where only the eldest inherits).
appanage, In France, primarily from the 13th to the 16th century, the giving of lands or pensions to children of the royal family. Established to provide for the younger brothers and sisters of the king, appanages also helped develop royal administration within the lands concerned.
appanage, in France, primarily before the Revolution, the provision of lands within the royal domain, or in some cases of pensions, to the children of the royal family so that they might live in a style corresponding to their position in society.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
The early history of the apanages is well discussed in Charles T. Wood: The French Apanages and the Capetian Monarchy, 1224-1328. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard Univertiy Press, 1966. The apanage of the comte d'Artois, as well as the legislation of 1566, is in Sandrine Bulla: L'Apanage du comte d'Artois (1773-90).
In the history of France, however, the appanage was a very important factor. The word denotes in very early French law the portion of lands or money given by fathers and mothers to their sons or daughters on marriage, and usually connotes a renunciation by the latter of any future inheritance; or it may denote the portion given by the eldest ...
France, two women succeeded to the appanage of Artois before 1363. In addition, Philip V in 1317 expanded the appanage of Charles de la Marche with lands to be inheritable by either sex. Philip VI in 1344 created the appanage of Orleans without barring female succession.
Appanage is important to the history of France during the Middle Ages. The law said that when a king dies, his oldest son becomes the next king. Kings who wanted to give a younger son some land too sometimes created an appanage.
