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Brittany ( / ˈbrɪtəni /, French: Bretagne, French: [bʁətaɲ] ⓘ; Breton: Breizh, Breton: [bʁɛjs], or Breton: [bʁɛx]; [1] Gallo: Bertaèyn or Bertègn, locally [bəʁtaɛɲ]) is a peninsula, historical country and cultural area in the north-west of modern France, covering the western part of what was known as Armorica during ...
- Overview
- Geography
Brittany, région of France encompassing the northwestern départements of Ille-et-Vilaine, Morbihan, Côtes-d’Armor, and Finistère. Brittany is bounded by the régions of Basse-Normandie to the northeast and Pays de la Loire to the east. It protrudes westward into the Atlantic Ocean as a peninsula; the Bay of Biscay lies to the southwest and the Engli...
Brittany belongs to the ancient uplands of the Armorican Massif and is generally low-lying, with a mean elevation of 341 feet (104 metres). The Aulne Basin separates the heights of the Arrée Mountains (1,260 feet [384 metres]) in the north and the Noires Mountains (1,001 feet [305 metres]) in the south. Both run east-west. Belle-Île-en-Mer, Ouessant, and several other small islands are part of the région. Erosion has carved out sharp abers, or gorges, in the north, and the coastline is deeply indented. Principal rivers include the Vilaine, the Leita, and the Rance. An oceanic climate prevails.
Decline in the French share of North Atlantic fisheries and the rural depopulation seen elsewhere in France at the beginning of the 20th century led to a population decline in Brittany of more than 11 percent between 1911 and 1946. Then, following World War II, the population rose, and from the 1970s it was bolstered by the growth of industrial and service businesses. However, demographic recovery has been uneven, favouring the coastal areas, with many inland, rural areas continuing to lose population.
Brittany is an important agricultural area in France. Following several decades of change and modernization, farming is efficient and productive, dominated by the raising of pigs, poultry, and calves. Cereals and forage crops are grown, largely to meet the needs of livestock farmers. Vegetables are cultivated in certain northern coastal areas. Fishing has declined in importance, as elsewhere in northwestern Europe, owing to problems of overfishing and the consequent need to limit catches, but it still characterizes many of Brittany’s ports, notably Guilvinec, Concarneau, and Douarnenez.
Brittany is not heavily industrialized, but the growth of such industries as electronics, telecommunications, and automobile assembly has offset the decline of the traditional industries of textiles, leather goods, and ship repair. Other long-standing activities, notably food processing, have been strengthened and modernized. Rennes is the main regional focus of industry and is also the administrative and business capital.
Tourism is prominent in many coastal areas, and in Ille-et-Vilaine coastal resorts have become more important than the fishing industry to the economy. The département of Morbihan has more stone monuments than any other département in France, with several thousand megaliths in the area of Carnac and Locmariaquer west of the Morbihan Gulf. The medieval towns of Morbihan are also important tourist attractions.
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- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Bretaña (/ˈbrɪtəni/; francés: Bretagne [bʁətaɲ]; bretón: Breizh, pronunciado [bʁɛjs] o [bʁɛx]; 1 Galó: Bertaèyn [bəʁtaɛɲ]) es una península, un país histórico y una región cultural en el noroeste de la Francia moderna. Esta región comprende la parte occidental de lo que se conocía como Armórica durante el periodo de ocupación romana.
FR-E. Website. bretagne .com. The history of Brittany may refer to the entire history of the Armorican peninsula or only to the creation and development of a specifically Brythonic culture and state in the Early Middle Ages and the subsequent history of that state.
Brittany - Celtic, Medieval, French: A strong Celtic background distinguishes Brittany from other parts of France. The Celts were the first historically identifiable inhabitants of Brittany, but they probably intermingled with the earlier peoples who built the great stone monuments, the menhirs and dolmens, that still stand.
Brittany is rich in archaeological remains from prehistory. 1 At many junctures in the remote past, the peninsula has been a centre of cultural innovation or a corridor by which innovations have passed between the Mediterranean, inland Europe and the Atlantic.
They migrated in waves from the 3rd to 9th century (most heavily from 450 to 600) into Armorica, which was subsequently named Brittany after them. [9] The main traditional language of Brittany is Breton ( Brezhoneg ), spoken in Lower Brittany (i.e., the western part of the peninsula).
