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Swedish Estonia is coloured green. [1] / 58.367°N 25.600°E / 58.367; 25.600. The Duchy of Livonia, [2] [a] also referred to as Polish Livonia or Livonia, [b] was a territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that existed from 1561 to 1621. It corresponds to the present-day areas of northern ...
In the history of Poland, a royal city or royal town ( Polish: miasto królewskie) was an urban settlement within the crown lands ( Polish: królewszczyzna ). [1] The most influential royal cities enjoyed voting rights during the free election period in Poland (1572–1791). These cities were Gdańsk, Warsaw, Kraków, Poznań, Lwów, Wilno ...
Castellans of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth were the lowest rank of territorial official who could sit in the Senate of Poland. Their numbers varied over time and with the shifting borders of the Commonwealth. In the Kingdom of Poland and later in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Castellans ( Polish: Kasztelan) usually deferred to ...
Józef Zajączek. Stanisław Zawadzki. Categories: Military personnel of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Generals by former country.
Painting commemorating Polish–Lithuanian union; ca. 1861. The motto reads "Eternal union".. The Polish–Lithuanian union was a relationship created by a series of acts and alliances between the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania that lasted for prolonged periods of time from 1385 and led to the creation of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, or the "Republic ...
Interrex (Poland) The institution of interrex existed in the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, whose ruling classes liked to view their Commonwealth as an heir to Roman Empire traditions. The Commonwealth's monarch, holding a double title of the Two Nations ( King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania ), entered into their office by free election ...
The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is a term used in history. They took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. [1] [2] [3] Three partitions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth took place: 5 August 1772. 23 January 1793. 24 October 1795.
