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The High German consonant shift is a good example of a chain shift, as was its predecessor, the first Germanic consonant shift. For example, phases 1 and 2 left the language without a /t/ phoneme, as this had shifted to /s/ or / t͡s /. Phase 3 filled this gap ( /d/ > /t/ ), but left a new gap at /d/, which phase 4 then filled ( /θ/ > /d/ ).
The Lower Saxon Circle (German: Niedersächsischer Reichskreis) was an Imperial Circle of the Holy Roman Empire. It covered much of the territory of the medieval Duchy of Saxony (except for Westphalia ), and was originally called the Saxon Circle ( German : Sächsischer Kreis ) before later being better differentiated from the Upper Saxon Circle by the more specific name.
For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. Low German or Low Saxon ( German: Plattdeutsch, or Platt) is one of the Germanic languages. It is still spoken by many people in northern Germany and the northeast part of the Netherlands. Low German is closer to the English and Dutch languages than High German (Hochdeutsch) is.
The Electorate of Saxony, also known as Electoral Saxony ( German: Kurfürstentum Sachsen or Kursachsen ), was a territory of the Holy Roman Empire from 1356–1806. Its territory included the areas around the cities of Dresden, Leipzig and Chemnitz. In the Golden Bull of 1356, Emperor Charles IV designated the Duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg an ...
Central German is distinguished by having experienced the High German consonant shift to a lesser degree than Upper German. It is spoken in the linguistic transition region separated from Northern Germany ( Low German / Low Franconian ) by the Benrath line isogloss and separated from Southern Germany ( Upper German ) by the Speyer line .
Northern Low Saxon (in Standard High German: Nordniedersächsisch, also Nordniederdeutsch, [1] lit. North (ern) Low Saxon/German; in Standard Dutch: Noord-Nedersaksisch) is a subgroup of Low Saxon dialects of Low German. As such, it covers a great part of the West Low German-speaking areas of northern Germany, with the exception of the border ...
