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Alexander I (Russian: Александр I Павлович, romanized: Aleksandr I Pavlovich, IPA: [ɐlʲɪkˈsandr ˈpavləvʲɪtɕ]; 23 December [O.S. 12 December] 1777 – 1 December [O.S. 19 November] 1825), nicknamed "the Blessed", was Emperor of Russia from 1801, the first king of Congress Poland from 1815, and the grand duke of Finland from 1809 to his death in 1825.
Alexander III and Nicholas II on French stamps, c. 1896. Some differences between father and son had first appeared during the Franco-Prussian War, when Alexander II supported the cabinet of Berlin while the Tsesarevich made no effort to conceal his sympathies for the French.
Nicholas II (Nikolai Alexandrovich Romanov; [d] 18 May [ O.S. 6 May] 1868 – 17 July 1918) or Nikolai II was the last reigning Emperor of Russia, King of Congress Poland, and Grand Duke of Finland from 1 November 1894 until his abdication on 15 March 1917. During his reign, Nicholas gave support to the economic and political reforms promoted ...
Articles relating to Alexander II of Russia (reigned 1855 –1881) and his reign. Subcategories This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total.
Russia's great reforms, 1855-1881. Indiana University Press. Lincoln, W. Bruce (1990). The great reforms: Autocracy, bureaucracy, and the politics of change in imperial Russia. Northern Illinois University Press. pp. 105–117. McCoubrey, H. (1980). "The reform of the Russian legal system under Alexander II." Culture, Theory and Critique 24 (1 ...
Alexander II ( ryska: Александр II Николаевич, Aleksandr II Nikolajevitj ), född den 17 april ( g.s.) / 29 april ( n.s.) 1818 i Moskva, död den 1 mars ( g.s.) / 13 mars ( n.s.) 1881 i Sankt Petersburg ( mördad ), var en rysk tsar, kung av Polen och storfurste av Finland från 1855. Han var son till Nikolaj I av Ryssland ...
Medieval Russian states around 1470, including Novgorod, Tver, Pskov, Ryazan, Rostov and Moscow. The history of Russia begins with the histories of the East Slavs. [1] [2] The traditional start date of specifically Russian history is the establishment of the Rus' state in the north in 862, ruled by Varangians.
