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Hace 3 días · The Thirty Years' War [j] was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history, lasting from 1618 to 1648. Fought primarily in Central Europe, an estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died as a result of battle, famine, or disease, while parts of present-day Germany reported population declines of over 50%. [19] .
Hace 3 días · What is Charles I known for? What was Charles I’s early life like? How did Charles I become king of Great Britain and Ireland? What was the relationship between Charles I and Parliament like?
- Charles I was the king of Great Britain and Ireland from 1625 to 1649. Like his father, James I, and grandmother Mary, Queen of Scots, Charles I ru...
- Charles I was born in 1600 to James VI of Scotland (who later became James I) and Anne of Denmark. He was a sickly child and was devoted to his bro...
- When his brother, Henry, died in 1612, Charles became heir to the throne. He formed an alliance with the duke of Buckingham. In the last 18 months...
- From the beginning of his reign, Charles I demonstrated a distrust of the House of Commons. Parliament was critical of his government, condemning h...
- On January 20, 1649, Charles I was brought before a specially constituted court and charged with high treason and “other high crimes against the re...
Hace 3 días · Charles II (born May 29, 1630, London—died February 6, 1685, London) was the king of Great Britain and Ireland (1660–85), who was restored to the throne after years of exile during the Puritan Commonwealth. The years of his reign are known in English history as the Restoration period.
As a scholar of John Bunyan and Lucy Hutchinson, Keeble is admirably placed to link the Restoration to the struggles of the Civil War and Protectorate from the point of view of those who felt that 1660 was not a marvellous last chapter, but a catastrophe much in need of reversal.
Hace 2 días · The invasions of the 1640s had a profound impact on the Scottish economy, with the destruction of crops and the disruption of markets resulting in some of the most rapid price rises of the century. Under the Commonwealth, the country was relatively highly taxed, but gained access to English markets. [53]
Hace 5 días · Chapter six sets out to outline the increase in scholarly objections to the Trinity in the 1640s and 1650s. This begins with an insightful account of the contemporary European context, offering an explanation of Socinian and Remonstrant antitrinitarian arguments.
Hace 2 días · Revolutions ‘from above’ were common – Bismarck being the most famous ‘white revolutionary’ – as governments introduced civil and political liberties and representative institutions, the better to foster commercial development and fiscal strength.
