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Hace 2 días · The Age of Enlightenment (also the Age of Reason and the Enlightenment) was the intellectual and philosophical movement that occurred in Europe in the 17th and the 18th centuries.
Hace 3 días · Immanuel Kant (1724-1804), a German philosopher who defined the Enlightenment as "the liberation from self-imposed immaturity" and argued that reason was the foundation of morality and knowledge. Kant‘s "Critique of Pure Reason" (1781) and other works had a lasting impact on Western philosophy and the development of modern ethics.
Hace 3 días · He was a key figure in the European intellectual movement known as the Enlightenment. Voltaire was quite controversial in his day, in no small part because of the critical nature of his work. His books and pamphlets contained scores of assaults on church authority and clerical power.
- Voltaire was a versatile and prolific writer. In his lifetime he published numerous works, including books, plays, poems, and polemics. His most fa...
- Voltaire believed above all in the efficacy of reason. He believed social progress could be achieved through reason and that no authority—religious...
- Voltaire dominated the discourse of his era. In his writing, he left virtually no subject untouched. Voltaire wrote on subjects as distinct as meta...
Hace 4 días · Let‘s shine a spotlight on five of the Enlightenment‘s unsung heroes and examine how their contributions changed the world: 1. Olympe de Gouges (1748-1793) Olympe de Gouges was a true revolutionary in every sense of the word.
Hace 4 días · Even after the intellectual revolutions of the Renaissance, the Reformation, and the Enlightenment, Aristotelian concepts remained embedded in Western thinking.
- Aristotle was one of the greatest philosophers who ever lived and the first genuine scientist in history. He made pioneering contributions to all f...
- After his father died about 367 BCE, Aristotle journeyed to Athens, where he joined the Academy of Plato. He left the Academy upon Plato’s death ab...
- Aristotle’s most famous teacher was Plato (c. 428–c. 348 BCE), who himself had been a student of Socrates (c. 470–399 BCE). Socrates, Plato, and Ar...
- Aristotle wrote as many as 200 treatises and other works covering all areas of philosophy and science. Of those, none survives in finished form. Th...
- Aristotle’s thought was original, profound, wide-ranging, and systematic. It eventually became the intellectual framework of Western Scholasticism,...
Hace 2 días · Romanticism, attitude or intellectual orientation that characterized many works of literature, painting, music, architecture, criticism, and historiography in Western civilization over a period from the late 18th to the mid-19th century.
Hace 2 días · For a generation Peter Gay’s book on the Enlightenment (a text which perhaps tells us more about the 1960s than the 1760s) informed scholars that Enlightenment and Christianity were polarities and that the defeat of dogma and metaphysics were the harbingers of secular modernity.
