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1305 fue un año común comenzado en viernes del calendario juliano. Acontecimientos. 19 de mayo: firma del tratado de Elche, que revisa los límites fronterizos entre los reinos de Castilla y de Aragón. Clemente V sucede a Benedicto XI como papa.
September 15 – King Edward I of England issues ordinances for the government of the Kingdom of Scotland. King Edward issues the first commission of Trailbaston – which empowers him to appoint judicial commissions to punish crimes (such as homicide, theft, arson, and rape) and certain trespasses. Edward adds also conspiracy to the list of ...
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- Variants
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The two building blocks of the construction, the algorithms Poly1305 and ChaCha20, were both independently designed, in 2005 and 2008, by Daniel J. Bernstein. In 2013–2014, a variant of the original ChaCha20 algorithm (using 32-bit counter and 96-bit nonce) and a variant of the original Poly1305 (authenticating 2 strings) were combined in an IETF d...
The ChaCha20-Poly1305 algorithm as described in RFC 8439 takes as input a 256-bit key and a 96-bit nonce to encrypt a plaintext, with a ciphertext expansion of 128-bit (the tag size). In the ChaCha20-Poly1305 construction, ChaCha20 is used in counter mode to derive a key stream that is XORed with the plaintext. The ciphertext and the associated dat...
XChaCha20-Poly1305 – extended nonce variant
The XChaCha20-Poly1305 construction is an extended 192-bit nonce variant of the ChaCha20-Poly1305 construction, using XChaCha20 instead of ChaCha20. When choosing nonces at random, the XChaCha20-Poly1305 construction allows for better security than the original construction. The draft attempt to standardize the construction expired in July 2020.
Salsa20-Poly1305 and XSalsa20-Poly1305
Salsa20-Poly1305 and XSalsa20-Poly1305 are variants of the ChaCha20-Poly1305 and XChaCha20-Poly1305 algorithms, using Salsa20 and XSalsa20 in place of ChaCha20 and XChaCha20. They are implemented in NaCl and libsodium but not standardized. The variants using ChaCha are preferred in practice as they provide better diffusionper round than Salsa.
Reduced-round variants
ChaCha20 can be replaced with its reduced-round variants ChaCha12 and ChaCha8, yielding ChaCha12-Poly1305 and ChaCha8-Poly1305. The same modification can be applied to XChaCha20-Poly1305. These are implemented by the RustCrypto team and not standardized.
ChaCha20-Poly1305 is used in IPsec, SSH, TLS 1.2, DTLS 1.2, TLS 1.3, WireGuard, S/MIME 4.0, OTRv4 and multiple other protocols. It is used in Software like Borg as standard data encryption. Among others, it is implemented in OpenSSL, and libsodium.
ChaCha20-Poly1305 usually offers better performance than the more prevalent AES-GCM algorithm even on systems where the CPU(s) have the AES-NI instruction set extension.[failed verification] Encryption and decryption speeds with software implementations are already above 1 GB/s when done on a single core, scaling up almost linearly if more cores ar...
The ChaCha20-Poly1305 construction is proven secure in the standard model and the ideal permutation model, for the single- and multi-user setting. However, similarly to GCM, the security relies on choosing a unique nonce for every message encrypted. Compared to AES-GCM, implementations of ChaCha20-Poly1305 are less vulnerable to timing attacks.
Poly1305 is a universal hash family designed by Daniel J. Bernstein for use in cryptography. [1] As with any universal hash family, Poly1305 can be used as a one-time message authentication code to authenticate a single message using a secret key shared between sender and recipient, [2] similar to the way that a one-time pad can be used to ...
Sir William Wallace (Scottish Gaelic: Uilleam Uallas, pronounced [ˈɯʎam ˈuəl̪ˠəs̪]; Norman French: William le Waleys; c. 1270 – 23 August 1305) was a Scottish knight who became one of the main leaders during the First War of Scottish Independence.
- None recorded
- 1297–1305
- Commander
El Tratado de Elche fue un acuerdo suscrito entre los representantes de los reyes Fernando IV de Castilla y Jaime II de Aragón en la ciudad de Elche, el día 19 de mayo de 1305. En dicho acuerdo se concretó la repartición del reino de Murcia , cuyo territorio fue dividido entre las coronas de Aragón y Castilla, que había sido acordada en ...
1305 ( MCCCV ) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar, the 1305th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 305th year of the 2nd millennium, the 5th year of the 14th century, and the 6th year of the 1300s decade.
