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  1. Osmancıkli (or Amasyali) Koca Mehmed Nizamüddin Pasha (Turkish: Osmancıklı Danişmendoğlu Koca Mehmet Nizamüddin Paşa; died 1439) was an Ottoman statesman who served as grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 1429 to 1438. He settled in Osmancık after his service as grand vizier and died there in 1439.

  2. El principal exponente fue Köprülü Mehmed Pasha quien fue nombrado como gran visir en 1656 por Turhan Hatice Sultan, esposa de Ibrahim, madre y regente del joven Mehmed IV. Luego de años de crisis, la regenta entregó casi la totalidad de su poder a su gran visir, que tomó fuertes medidas para acabar con la corrupción y expandir las ...

    • In Egypt
    • Provincial Governor and Kapudan Pasha
    • Greek War of Independence
    • Moderniser of The Army
    • Adoption of Children Raised to Become High-Ranking Officers
    • Adoption of The Fez to Replace The Turban
    • External Links

    He was probably born around 1756, and it is reported that he was of Abaza descent. He was a protégé of Küçük Hüseyin Pasha, a reformer who became Kapudan Pasha in 1792. In 1801, Hüsrev Pasha commanded the 6,000 Ottoman troops who assisted the British in removing the French from Rashid (Rosetta). For this, he was made governor of Egypt Eyalet (provi...

    Before leaving Egypt, he was appointed as governor of the Diyarbekir Eyalet. A year later, he was appointed governor of Salonica. In 1806 he was governor of Bosnia Eyalet (as which he features in Ivo Andrić's novel Travnička hronika), before being reappointed as governor of Salonica in 1808. Hüsrev Pasha held the rank of Kapudan Pasha of the Ottoma...

    During the Greek War of Independence, he was appointed Kapudan Pasha again in the end of 1822. In this role, he captured and destroyed the island of Psara in June 1824 and then moved against Samos, where he was joined by the Egyptian fleet. During the months of July and August, several skirmishes and constant maneuvers followed between the Ottoman ...

    In 1826, Hüsrev Pasha played vital roles both in the Auspicious Incident (the annihilation of the Janissary Corps in 1826) and in the formation of the new "Mansure Army", modeled after those of the European Powers. Appointed as serasker (commander of the army) of the Mansure in May 1827, Hüsrev reformed and disciplined the corps. Himself ignorant o...

    Hüsrev Pasha adopted at early ages up to one hundred children, sometimes including slaves bought at market, who, after an attentive education, later became his protégés and rose to important positions in the state structure, the most notable of these being Ibrahim Edhem Pasha, a child from Chios bought in an İzmir slave market in 1822 after the hor...

    Hüsrev Pasha was also instrumental for the near-abandonment of the turban and the adoption of the fez as a universal headgear for Muslim men of the Ottoman Empire (excluding the religious classes) under Sultan Mahmud II. He had seen the fez as worn occasionally by Tunisians and Algerians during a Mediterranean journey and introduced it to the Ottom...

  3. Çandarlı Halil Paşa (c. siglo XV - 1 de junio de 1453) fue Gran Visir del Imperio Otomano de 1439 a 1453, 1 durante los últimos años del sultán Murad II y los primeros de Mehmed II. Era un descendiente de la poderosa familia Çandarlı: su abuelo Çandarlı Halil Pasha el Viejo, su tío y su padre también habían ocupado el mismo cargo. 2 3 .

  4. Sokollu Mehmed Pasha (Ottoman Turkish: صوقوللى محمد پاشا, romanized: Sokollu Mehmet Paşa; Serbian Cyrillic: Мехмед-паша Соколовић, romanized: Mehmed-paša Sokolović; pronounced [měxmet pâʃa sokǒːloʋitɕ]; 1505 – 11 October 1579) was an Ottoman statesman of Serbian origin most notable for ...

  5. Osmancıklı (or Amasyalı) Koca Mehmed Nizamüddin Pasha (Turkish language: Osmancıklı Danişmendoğlu Koca Mehmet Nizamüddin Paşa; died 1439) was an Ottoman statesman who served as grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 1429 to 1438. He settled in in Osmancık after his service as grand vizier and...