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Who are Indigenous Peoples in Canada? There are three categories of Indigenous peoples in Canada: Inuit, Métis and First Nations. The Inuit primarily inhabit the northern regions of Canada. Their homeland, known as Inuit Nunangat, includes much of the land, water and ice contained in the Arctic region.
Indigenous peoples in Canada (also known as Aboriginals) are the indigenous peoples within the boundaries of Canada. They comprise the First Nations, Inuit, and Métis.
Learn about Canada’s 3 distinct groups of Indigenous peoples with unique histories, languages, cultural practices, and spiritual beliefs that are woven into the fabric of our country. More than 1.8 million people in Canada identify themselves as an Indigenous person.
Some one million people in Canada now identify themselves as First Nations people, Métis (of mixed European and First Nations ancestry), or Inuit; of this number, more than three-fifths are First Nations people, nearly one-third Métis, and most of the remainder Inuit.
Indigenous Peoples are the original inhabitants of the land that is now Canada. Inuit and First Nations history extends well before the arrival of Europeans in Canada, while Métis emerged as a distinct culture after intermarriage between European settlers and First Nations people.
More than 1.8 million people in Canada identify themselves as an Indigenous person, according to the 2021 Census, which represents 5% of Canada’s total population. Indigenous peoples are: the fastest growing population in Canada – grew by 9.4% between 2016 and 2021.
The history of Indigenous peoples in Canada is rich and diverse. This history stretches long into the past before the arrival of the European newcomers with diverse interactions among different peoples, flourishing trade and fierce conflict, and competition for lands and resources.
