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The history of Vienna has been long and varied, beginning when the Roman Empire created a military camp in the area now covered by Vienna's city centre. Vienna grew from the Roman settlement known as Vindobona to be an important trading site in the 11th century.
In the 13th century walls were built around the city, and Vienna remained largely confined within the walled area until the 1700s. The Babenbergs kept a brilliant court and encouraged artists like the famous minnesinger Walther von der Vogelweide. In 1246 the last male of the Babenberg family died.
The Hofburg ( German: [hoːf.buʁk]) is the former principal imperial palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Austria. Located in the centre of Vienna, it was built in the 13th century and expanded several times afterwards. It also served as the imperial winter residence, as Schönbrunn Palace was the summer residence.
For over 600 years the Vienna Hofburg was the residence of the Austrian sovereigns. Over the course of the centuries it developed into one of the most important centres of European history.
Vienna's city wall was built around 1200. The community was granted its first privilege in 1221. Vienna was termed one of the principal cities of the empire after Cologne. At that time, in the early 13th century, Vienna was already part and parcel of an extensive network of trade relations.
The inner city contains a number of medieval-era buildings, including the Schottenkloster, the oldest monastery in Austria, the churches of Maria am Gestade (one of the main Gothic structures), Michaelerkirche, Minoritenkirche and Minoritenkloster from the 13th century, and St Stephen’s Cathedral, which dates from the 14th and 15th centuries.
wien.at. English. Culture & History. Vienna - the making of a capital. From the Roman Military Camp to the End of the First Millenary - History of Vienna. Military camp. Roman Vindobona. Like many other cities of Continental Europe, Vienna originated in ancient Roman times.
