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Frederick III (born Feb. 14, 1515, Simmern, Ger.—died Oct. 26, 1576, Heidelberg, Rhenish Palatinate) was the elector Palatine of the Rhine (1559–76) and a leader of the German Protestant princes who worked for a Protestant victory in Germany, France, and the Netherlands. Frederick adopted Lutheranism in 1546 and Calvinism somewhat later.
Otto-Henry, Elector Palatine, ( German: Ottheinrich; 10 April 1502, Amberg [1] – 12 February 1559, Heidelberg) [2] a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty was Count Palatine of Palatinate-Neuburg from 1505 to 1557 and prince elector of the Palatinate from 1556 to 1559. He was a son of Rupert, Count Palatine, third son of Philip, Elector Palatine ...
Johann Wilhelm II, Elector Palatine ( Jan Wellem in Low German, English: John William; 19 April 1658 – 8 June 1716) of the Wittelsbach dynasty was Elector Palatine (1690–1716), Duke of Neuburg (1690–1716), Duke of Jülich and Berg (1679–1716), and Duke of Upper Palatinate and Cham (1707–1714). From 1697 onwards Johann Wilhelm was also ...
28 de sept. de 2021 · Abstract In August 1644, the eldest nephew of Charles I landed in England and publicly declared his support for parliament. Charles Louis, the exiled Elector of the Palatinate, has been accused by successive generations of scholars of either harboring ambitions for his uncle’s throne, or having a long-standing friendship with leading parliamentarians which made his eventual allegiance an ...
They won the right to participate in the election of the emperor, a right confirmed by the Golden Bull of 1356, which made the elector palatine the chief secular prince of the Holy Roman Empire. The Palatinate remained Roman Catholic during the early Reformation but adopted Calvinism in the 1560s under Elector Frederick III.
From that time forth, the Count Palatine of the Rhine was usually known as the Elector Palatine (Kurfürst von der Pfalz). The position of prince-elector had existed earlier (for example, when two rival kings of Germany were elected in 1257: Richard of Cornwall and Alfonso X of Castile ), though it is difficult to determine exactly the earliest date of the office.
Charles II, Elector Palatine is the ruler of Palatinate, which is a part of the Holy Roman Empire. He is also the elder brother of Princess Palatine. He was the son of Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine and Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel. His short reign was not glamorous. He appointed his incompetent former tutor Paul Hachenberg as chief minister, leaving his half-siblings, the "Raugraves", out of ...
