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(3) Laid the legal groundwork for two co-existing religious confessions (Catholicism and Lutheranism) in the German-speaking states of the Holy Roman Empire. The Peace of Augsburg ( German : Augsburger Frieden ), also called the Augsburg Settlement , [1] was a treaty between Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor , and the Schmalkaldic League , signed on 25 September 1555 in the German city of Augsburg .
The Holy Roman empire was essentially a confederacy of rulers who theoretically owed allegiance to the Emperor who was elected from the 7 prince-electors Prince-elector. From the start of the 13th century there was a dispute between the House of Welf and the House of Hohenstaufen over who was the rightful ruler of the empire which resulted in a fractured empire for most of the 13th century.
1270: HRE Prince of the Empire 1536: To Bern: Lausanne: Imperial City Swab SW 1434: Formed 1536: To Bern: Lavant (St. Andra) Prince-Bishopric Aust n/a 1228: Formed 15th Century: HRE Prince of the Empire; no secular territory Originally represented in the Austrian Circle Leas County n/a n/a 1529: Formed 1597: became an unlanded title Leiningen ...
Holy Roman Empire at the death of Emperor Charles IV of Luxembourg, 1378. After Albert's murder, the title of King and Emperor was passed onto Henry of Luxembourg, crowned Henry VII in 1308. Henry was chosen due to fears of Habsburg dominance over the other princes with the attempted consolidation of Bohemia and Thuringia.
In 1619, Frederick V of the Palatinate accepted the crown of Bohemia in opposition to Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II. On 3 July 1620 the Protestant Union signed the Treaty of Ulm ( German : Ulmer Vertrag ), declaring neutrality and declining to support Frederick V. [4] In January 1621, Ferdinand II imposed an imperial ban upon Frederick V and moved his right to elect an emperor to Maximilian.
The Holy Roman Empire ( Latin: Sacrum Imperium Romanum; German: Heiliges Römisches Reich ), occasionally but unofficially referred to as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, [7] was a polity in Western and Central Europe under the rule of an Emperor, who was elected by the princes and the magistrates of its regions and cities.
The Holy Roman Empire was a highly decentralized state for most of its history, composed of hundreds of smaller states, most of which operated with some degree of independent sovereignty. Although in the earlier part of the Middle Ages, under the Salian and Hohenstaufen emperors, it was relatively centralized, as time went on the Emperor lost more and more power to the Princes.
