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Charlotte Mary Gertrude Strutt, 1st Baroness Rayleigh (29 May 1758 – 13 September 1836), known as Lady Charlotte FitzGerald from 1758 to 1789 and as Lady Charlotte Strutt from 1789 to 1821, was a British peeress.
Winston Churchill once unkindly said “If you wanted nothing done, Arthur Balfour was the best man for the task. There was no equal to him”. In 1873, on the death of his father, John William Strutt succeeded to the title third Baron Rayleigh. He moved back to Terling Place.
- Education and The Theory of Sound
- Rayleigh Scattering
- The Discovery and Isolation of Argon
- The Duplex Theory of Human Sound Localisation
- Later Years
Strutt was born at Langford Grove in Maldon, Essex. Strutt suffered from poor health throughout his childhood and youth, and it was necessary for him to be withdrawn from both Eton and Harrow, before going on to the University of Cambridge in 1861 where he studied mathematics at Trinity College, Cambridge. He obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree (Sen...
In 1873, on the death of his father, John Strutt, 2nd Baron Rayleigh, he inherited the Barony of Rayleigh. He was the second Cavendish Professor of Physics at the University of Cambridge following James Clerk Maxwell, from 1879 to 1884. He first described dynamic soaring by seabirds in 1883, in the British journal Nature. One of the important piece...
The discovery and isolation of argon was undoubtedly Rayleigh’s most dramatic and famous accomplishment. Lord Rayleigh became interested in determining the exact density of the common gases in air as early as 1882, when he addressed the British Association for the Advancement of Science on the topic. Upon his leaving the Cavendish chair in 1884, he...
Around the year 1900 Lord Rayleigh developed the duplex theory of human sound localization using two binaural cues, interaural phase difference (IPD) and interaural level difference (ILD) based on analysis of a spherical head with no external pinnae. The theory posits that we use two primary cues for sound lateralization, using the difference in th...
As an advocate that simplicity and theory be part of the scientific method, Lord Rayleigh argued for the principle of similitude. From time to time Lord Rayleigh participated in the House of Lords; however, he spoke up only if politics attempted to become involved in science. He died on 30 June 1919, in Witham, Essex, aged 76. Allan Adams, Lecture ...
3 de abr. de 2024 · Lord Rayleigh, English physical scientist who made fundamental discoveries in the fields of acoustics and optics that are basic to the theory of wave propagation in fluids. He received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1904 for his successful isolation of argon, an inert atmospheric gas.
- R. Bruce Lindsay
John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, OM, PC, FRS ( / ˈreɪli /; 12 November 1842 – 30 June 1919) was a British mathematician and physicist who made extensive contributions to science. He spent all of his academic career at the University of Cambridge.
8 de jun. de 2018 · In this research, published in 1871, Rayleigh derived the well-known law expressing the scattering of light by small particles as a function of the inverse fourth power of the wavelength of the incident light.
Baron John William Strutt Rayleigh, better known as Lord Rayleigh, was awarded the 1904 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his investigations of the densities of the most important gases and for his discovery of argon in connection with these studies."
