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Reginald IV (c. 1365 – 25 June 1423) was the second duke to rule both Guelders and Jülich. Reginald was the son of William II, Duke of Jülich and Maria of Guelders. He became duke upon his brother William's death in 1402 without issue.
Huis Gulik. Reinald van Gulik (of Reinoud IV van Gelre) (rond 1365 - Terlet bij Arnhem, 25 juni 1423) was een zoon van hertog Willem II/VII van Gulik († 1393) en Maria van Gelre († 1397), dochter van Reinoud II, Hertog van Gelre [1] .
Coat-of-arm of Guelders (gold lion) and Jülich (black lion). William II duke of Jülich married to Maria, daughter and successor of duke of Guelders (nederlands: Gerle, deutsch: Gueldern), thus he became jure auxoris duke of Guelders. He had three children, William, Reinald IV and Johanna.
17 de sept. de 2017 · About Reinoud IV Herzog Hertog van Gulik en Gelre. By that time Reinoud IV had become the new Count of Gelre. In 1405 he had married Maria of Harcourt the daughter of the French Count Jan VI of Harcourt. Together with the Wittlebachers in Holland he tried to stop the influence of Burgundy.
- Early Years
- Prince of Antioch
- Captivity and Release
- Lord of Oultrejordain
- Capture and Execution
- Family
- Historiography and Perceptions
Raynald was the younger son of Hervé II, Lord of Donzy in France. In older historiography, Raynald was thought to have been the son of Geoffrey, Count of Gien, but the historian Jean Richard demonstrated Raynald's kinship with the lords of Donzy.[note 1] They were influential noblemen in the Duchy of Burgundy (in present-day western France), who cl...
After Baldwin granted his consent, Constance married Raynald. He was installed as prince in or shortly before May 1153. In that month, he confirmed the privileges of the Venetian merchants. William of Tyre records that his subjects were astonished that their "famous, powerful and well-born" princess married to a man of low status. No coins struck f...
Almost nothing is known about Raynald's life while he was imprisoned for fifteen years. He shared his prison with Joscelin III of Courtenay, the titular Count of Edessa, who had been captured a couple of months before him. In Raynald's absence, Constance wanted to rule alone, but BaldwinIII of Jerusalem made Patriarch Aimery regent for her fifteen-...
First years
After his return from Constantinople early in 1177, Raynald married Stephanie of Milly, the lady of Oultrejordain, and BaldwinIV also granted him Hebron. The first extant charter styling Raynald as "Lord of Hebron and Montréal" was issued in November 1177. He owed service of 60 knights to the Crown, showing that he had become one of the wealthiest barons of the realm. From his castles at Kerak and Montréal, he controlled the routes between the two main parts of Saladin's empire, Syria and Egy...
Fights against Saladin
Raynald was the only Christian leader who fought against Saladin in the 1180s. The contemporary chronicler Ernoul mentions two raids that Raynald made against caravans travelling between Egypt and Syria, breaking the truce. Modern historians debate whether Raynald's military actions sprang from a desire for booty, or were deliberate maneuvers to prevent Saladin from annexing new territories. After as-Salih died on 18November 1181, Saladin tried to seize Aleppo, but Raynald stormed into Saladi...
Kingmaker
Baldwin IV died in early 1185. His successor, the child BaldwinV, died in late summer 1186. The High Court of Jerusalem had ruled that neither BaldwinV's mother, Sybilla (who was Guy of Lusignan's wife), nor her sister, Isabella (who was the wife of Raynald's stepson), could be crowned without the decision of the pope, the Holy Roman Emperor, and the kings of France and England on BaldwinV's lawful successor. However, Sybilla's uncle, JoscelinIII of Courtenay, took control of Jerusalem with t...
The Estoire d'Eracles incorrectly claims that Saladin's sister was also among the prisoners taken by Raynald when he seized the caravan. She returned from Mecca to Damascus in a separate pilgrim caravan in March 1187. To protect her against an attack by Raynald, Saladin escorted the pilgrims while they were travelling near Oultrejordain. Saladin st...
Raynald's first wife, Constance of Antioch (born in 1128), was the only daughter of Bohemond II of Antioch and Alice of Jerusalem. Constance succeeded her father in Antioch in 1130. Six years later, she was given in marriage to Raymond of Poitiers who died in 1149. The widowed Constance's marriage to Raynald is described as "the misalliance of the ...
Most information on Raynald's life was recorded by Muslim authors, who were hostile to him. Baha ad-Din ibn Shaddad described him as a "monstrous infidel and terrible oppressor" in his biography of Saladin. Saladin compared Raynald with the king of Ethiopia who had tried to destroy Mecca in 570 and was called the "Elephant" in the Surah Fil of the ...
28 de mar. de 2024 · Reginald IV (c. 1365 – 25 June 1423) was the second duke to rule both Guelders and Jülich. Reginald was the son of William II, Duke of Jülich and Maria of Guelders. He became duke upon his brother William's death in 1402 without issue.
30 de mar. de 2018 · In July 1423, the Estates of Guelders accepted Arnold – oldest son of John, lord of Egmond – as the new duke of Guelders. Arnold was a relative of the late duke Reinald IV, who died a month earlier. Although Arnold and Reinald were related, the power base of Arnold’s family traditionally lay in Holland, rather than Guelders.
