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The Romance languages, also known as the Latin [1] or Neo-Latin [2] languages, are the languages that are directly descended from Vulgar Latin. [3] . They are the only extant subgroup of the Italic branch of the Indo-European language family .
Las lenguas romances (también llamadas lenguas románicas, lenguas latinas o lenguas neolatinas) son una rama indoeuropea de lenguas estrechamente relacionadas entre sí y que históricamente aparecieron como evolución (o equivalentes) del latín vulgar (entendido en su sentido etimológico de habla cotidiana del vulgo o común de la gente) y opuesto ...
- Attempts at Classifying Romance Languages
- Some Major Linguistic Features Differing Among Romance Languages
- References
Difficulties of classification
The comparative method used by linguists to build family language trees is based on the assumption that the member languages evolved from a single proto-language by a sequence of binary splits, separated by many centuries. With that hypothesis, and the glottochronologicalassumption that the degree of linguistic change is roughly proportional to elapsed time, the sequence of splits can be deduced by measuring the differences between the members. However, the history of Romance languages, as we...
Criteria
The two main avenues to attempt classifications are historical and typological criteria: 1. Historical criteria look at the Romance languages' former development. For example, a widely employed model divided the Romance-speaking world between West and East based on whether plural nouns end in -s or in a vowel. Researchers have highlighted this is mainly valid from a historical point of view as the change appeared in Antiquity in the East (Italo-Romance, Dalmatian and Eastern Romance), while i...
The standard proposal
By applying the comparative method, some linguists have concluded that Sardinian became linguistically developed separately from the remainder of the Romance languages at an extremely early date. Among the many distinguishing features of Sardinian are its articles (derived from Latin IPSE instead of ILLE) and lack of palatalization of /k/ and /ɡ/ before /ieɛ/ and other unique conservations such as domo ‘house’ (< domo). Sardinian has plurals in /s/ but post-vocalic lenition of voiceless conso...
Part of the difficulties met in classifying Romance languages is due to the seemingly messy distribution of linguistic innovations across members of the Romance family. While this is a problem for followers of the dominant Tree model, this is in fact a characteristic typical of linkages and dialect continuums generally: this has been an argument fo...
Chambon, Jean-Pierre. 2011. Note sur la diachronie du vocalisme accentué en istriote/istroroman et sur la place de ce groupe de parlers au sein de la branche romane. Bulletin de la Société de Lingu...François, Alexandre (2014), "Trees, Waves and Linkages: Models of Language Diversification" (PDF), in Bowern, Claire; Evans, Bethwyn (eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Historical Linguistics, London...Kalyan, Siva; François, Alexandre (2018), "Freeing the Comparative Method from the tree model: A framework for Historical Glottometry" (PDF), in Kikusawa, Ritsuko; Reid, Laurie (eds.), Let's talk a...Italica: Bulletin of the American Association of Teachers of Italian. Vol. 27–29. Menasha, Wisconsin: George Banta Publishing Company. 1950. Retrieved November 18, 2013.Western Romance languages are one of the two subdivisions of a proposed subdivision of the Romance languages based on the La Spezia–Rimini Line. They include the Gallo-Romance, Occitano-Romance (sometimes included in on of the two other branches) and Iberian Romance branches. Gallo-Italic may also be included.
Categoria:Linguas romanic. Le linguas romanic [1], linguas neolatin, o curte linguas latin, es un gruppo de linguas indoeuropee derivate del latino, particularmente del latino vulgar, le variante vernacular parlate foras del institutiones classic.
“Nesta gramatica, destacam-se semelhanças entre quatro idiomas que têm o latim como origem comum: o português, o espanhol, o francês e o italiano. Com diversos quadros comparativos de vocabulário e normas dessas línguas românicas, é essencial para leitores que pretendem ler textos simples ou aventurar-se na comunicação oral.
The only possible codas in European Portuguese are /ʃ/, /l/ and /ɾ/ and in Brazilian Portuguese /s/ and /ʁ/ (or, in a minority of dialects, /ʃ, ɾ/ or any combination of the former with the latter). The consonants / ʎ / and / ɲ / almost always occur in the middle of a word and between vowels and rarely occur before /i/.
