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19th-century philosophy - Wikipedia. Contents. hide. (Top) Brief historical outline. Influences from the late Enlightenment. Philosophical schools and tendencies. German idealism. Utilitarianism. Marxism. Existentialism. Positivism. Pragmatism. British idealism. Transcendentalism. Social Darwinism. Ontologism. See also. References. Further reading.
19th century. The 19th century was a rich and diverse period in philosophy. In it, the term "philosophy" acquired the distinctive meaning used today as a discipline that is distinct from the empirical sciences and mathematics. A rough division between two types of philosophical approaches in this period can be drawn.
The 19th century ushered in new philosophical problems and new conceptions of what philosophy ought to do. It was a century of great philosophical diversity . In the Renaissance , the chief intellectual fact had been the rise of mathematics and natural science , and the tasks that this fact imposed upon philosophy determined its direction for ...
Western philosophy - Rationalism, Empiricism, Existentialism: Kant’s death in 1804 formally marked the end of the Enlightenment. The 19th century ushered in new philosophical problems and new conceptions of what philosophy ought to do. It was a century of great philosophical diversity.
History of Europe - Enlightenment, Romanticism, Idealism: What enabled 19th-century culture to pursue the scientific quest and regain confidence in spiritual truth was the work of the German idealist philosophers, beginning with Immanuel Kant.
Routledge, 2021. Dunham, Jeremy. ‘On the Experience of Activity: William James’s Late Metaphysics and the Influence of Nineteenth-Century French Spiritualism’. Journal of the History of Philosophy. 58 (2) 2020: 267-291. Dunham, Jeremy. ‘Idealism, Pragmatism, and the Will to Believe: Charles Renouvier and William James’.
Philosophers born in the 19th century (and others important in the history of philosophy), listed alphabetically: Note: This list has a minimal criterion for inclusion and the relevance to philosophy of some individuals on the list is disputed. Contents. A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T. U. V. W. X. Y. Z. See also. Notes.
