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英国 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书. 大不列顛暨北愛爾蘭聯合王國 （英語： United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ），簡稱 联合王国 （ United Kingdom ，缩写作 UK ）或 大不列颠 （ Great Britain ）， 漢字文化圈 通称為「 英国 」 [註 6] [10] [11] ，中文早期亦称「 英联王国 」 [註 7] ，是本土位於 西歐 並具有 海外領地 [註 8] 的 主權國家 。 英國位于 歐洲大陸 西北面，由 大不列颠岛 、 爱尔兰岛 东北部分及一系列较小岛屿组成 [12] 。 英国本土和另一国家唯一的陆上国境线位于 北爱尔兰 ，和 爱尔兰共和国 相邻 [註 9] 。
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. [6] The country is located on the island of Great Britain, of which it covers roughly 62%, and over 100 smaller adjacent islands. It has land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west, and is otherwise surrounded by the North Sea to the east, the English Channel to the ...
Great Britain (commonly shortened to Britain) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north-west coast of continental Europe, consisting of England, Scotland and Wales. With an area of 209,331 km (80,823 sq mi), it is the largest of the British Isles, the largest European island and the ninth-largest island in the world.
- 209,331 km² (80,823 sq mi)
- North-western Europe
- 9th
- 60,800,000 (2011 census)
- History
- Geography
- Politics
- Parts of The UK
- Military
- Economy
- Literature
- Education
- Media
- Transport
Prehistory
Humans have lived in Britain for almost a million years. They did not live there all the time, probably because the climatewas too extreme at times. Archaeological remains show that the first group of modern people to live in the British Isles were hunter-gatherers after the last ice age ended. The date is not known: perhaps as early as 8000BC but certainly by 5000BC. They built mesolithic wood and stone monuments. Stonehenge was built between 3000 and 1600BC. Celtic tribes arrived from mainl...
Middle Ages
A later wave of immigration was that of the Vikings, during the Early Middle Ages or Viking Age. During the Viking invasion of Britain, they set up their own kingdom in north-western England, which the Anglo-Saxons named the "Danelaw", after the Danes who lived there and controlled the land. Vikings from Scandinavia also controlled most of the islands which are now part of Scotland, including the Outer Hebrides, the Inner Hebrides, and the Northern Isles (the Shetland Islands and the Orkney I...
The UK is northwest off the coast of mainland Europe. Around the UK are the North Sea, the English Channel and the Atlantic Ocean. The UK also rules, usually indirectly, a number of smaller places (mostly islands) around the world, which are known as British Overseas Territories. They were once part of the British Empire. Examples are Gibraltar (on...
The United Kingdom is a parliamentary democracy based on a constitutional monarchy. The people of the United Kingdom vote for a members of Parliament to speak for them and to make laws for them. King Charles III is the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and is the head of state. The government, led by the Prime Ministe...
Countries
About 68 million people live in the UK (2022). They can be divided into four big nationalities based on the countries where they live (or where they were born or their ancestry). Each country has a demonymfor its people (for example; England's people are English), but no matter which country someone is from, they have a British nationality. 1. England is the biggest country, where most people in the UK live. People who live in England are called English. Their native language is called Englis...
Crown dependencies
The crown dependencies are three nations which are not part of any of the four countries in the UK. They are: the Isle of Man, Jersey and Guernsey. Unlike the four countries, the governments of the crown dependencies have almost full power over the dependencies, with the exception of military and international relations. Everybody from a crown dependency has a British nationality.
Overseas Territories
The British Overseas Territories are former colonies of the British Empirewhich have not become independent from the UK. There are fourteen. Some have civilisations on them while others are military bases. Most of them have their own governments. The UK is responsible for their defence and international relationships. Everybody from an overseas territory has a British nationality.
The United Kingdom has one of the most advanced militaries in the world, alongside such countries such as the USA and France, and operates a large navy (Royal Navy), a sizable army, (British Army) and an air force (Royal Air Force). From the 18th century to the early 20th century, the United Kingdom was one of the most powerful nations in the world...
The United Kingdom is a developed country with the sixth-largest economy in the world. It was a superpowerduring the 18th, 19th and early 20th century and was considered since the early 1800s to be the most powerful and influential nation in the world, in politics, economics and in military strength. Britain continued to be the biggest manufacturin...
William Shakespeare was an English playwright. He wrote plays in the late 16th century. Some of his plays were Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. In the 19th century, Jane Austen and Charles Dickens were novelists. Twentieth-century writers include the science-fiction novelist H. G. Wells and J. R. R. Tolkien. The children's fantasy Harry Potter series ...
The nature of education is a devolved matter in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. They have separate, but similar, systems of education with laws that a broad education is required from ages five to eighteen, except for in Scotland where school departure is allowed from the age of sixteen. Pupils attend state funded schools (academy schools, fa...
The BBC is an organisation in the United Kingdom. It broadcasts in the United Kingdom and other countries on television, radio and the Internet. The BBC also sells its programs to other broadcasting companies around the world. The organisation is run by a group of twelve governors who have been given the job by the Queen, on the advice of governmen...
Road traffic in the United Kingdom drives on the left-hand side of the road (unlike the Americas and most of Europe), and the driver steers from the right-hand side of the vehicle. The road network on the island of Great Britain is extensive, with most local and rural roads having evolved from Roman and Medieval times. Major routes developed in the...
The English Wikipedia is the primary English-language edition of Wikipedia, an online encyclopedia. It was created by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger on January 15, 2001, as Wikipedia's first edition. English Wikipedia is hosted alongside other language editions by the Wikimedia Foundation, an American nonprofit organization.
11 de mar. de 2014 · 該國總面積達243,610平方公里（94,060平方英里），為世界面積 第80大 的 主權國家 及歐洲面積第11大的主權國家，人口約6,636萬，為全球 第21名 及歐洲第3名。. 英國為 君主立憲制 國家，採用 議會制 進行管轄 [13] [14] 。. 其 首都 倫敦 為 全球城市 A++級別城市和 ...
