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30 de oct. de 2023 · Nerves are the functional and structural units of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). They are composed of groups of individual specialized cells called neurons (or nerve cells), which transmit motor and sensory information back and forth between the PNS and central nervous system (CNS).
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- Cell Body
- Dendrites
- Axons
- Axon Terminals
- Coverings
The cell body holds the nucleus. It is the site of protein synthesis, which occurs on small granules of rough endoplasmic reticulum called nissl substance. In the nervous system, many neuronal cell bodies can group together to form a distinct structure. In the CNS, this is known as a nucleus, and in the PNS as a ganglion.
The dendritesare elongated portions of the cell body. They extend outwards, receiving input from the environment and from other neurones.
The axonis a long, thin structure down which action potentials (the nerve impulse) are conducted. Whilst neurones have many dendrites, most cells only have one axon. Each axon is coated in myelin – a layer of insulating lipid. Myelin is formed by cells wrapping themselves around the nerve axon. In the CNS, this is performed by oligodendrocyte cells...
Theaxon terminalis the most distal part of the axon. It is from here that the neurone sends chemical signals to other cells – usually via neurotransmitter release. To facilitate the secretion of neurotransmitters, the axon terminals contain a large number of mitochondria.
In the peripheral nervous system, the axons of neurons are grouped together to form nerves. The axons are enclosed by several connective tissue layers: 1. Endoneurium – Surrounds the axon of an individual neurone. 2. Perineurium – Surrounds a fascicle, which is a collection of neurones. 3. Epineurium – Surrounds the entire nerve, which is formed by...
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nerve, in anatomy, a glistening white cordlike bundle of fibres, surrounded by a sheath, that connects the nervous system with other parts of the body. The nerves conduct impulses toward or away from the central nervous mechanism.
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22 de mar. de 2022 · Nerves. You have nerves throughout your entire body. Nerves send electrical signals that help you feel sensations and move your muscles. Nerves also control body functions like digesting food and maintaining your heart rate. Nerves are one of the foundational parts of your nervous system.
3 de nov. de 2023 · Neurons, or nerve cell, are the main structural and functional units of the nervous system. Every neuron consists of a body (soma) and a number of processes (neurites). The nerve cell body contains the cellular organelles and is where neural impulses (action potentials) are generated.
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- Brain and spinal cord
Nerve Anatomy. Nerves: An illustration of the main nerves of the arm. A nerve is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of axons (the projections of neurons) in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). A nerve provides a structured pathway that supports the electrochemical nerve impulses transmitted along each of the axons.
1 de may. de 2023 · Introduction. Neurobiology is a vast and rapidly expanding field with significant clinical and technological implications. Far-reaching questions, such as what composes human personalities and the development of consciousness, are boiled down to quantitative processes.
