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Elefthérios Venizélos (en griego Ελευθέριος Βενιζέλος; Mournies, cerca de La Canea, Creta; 23 de agosto de 1864 1 - París, 18 de marzo de 1936) fue probablemente el político más importante de la Grecia moderna, ejerciendo como primer ministro de Grecia en siete ocasiones, la primera en 1910 y la última en 1933.
Eleftherios Kyriakou Venizelos (Greek: Ελευθέριος Κυριάκου Βενιζέλος, romanized: Eleuthérios Kyriákou Venizélos, pronounced [elefˈθeri.os cirˈʝaku veniˈzelos]; 23 August [O.S. 11 August] 1864 – 18 March 1936) was a Cretan Greek statesman and prominent leader of the Greek national liberation movement.
- Kyriakos Venizelos, Sophoklis Venizelos
- Alexandros Zaimis
Eleuterios Venizelos. (Eleuterios o Eleftherios Venizelos; Murnies, Creta, 1864 - París, 1936) Político griego, artífice de la expansión territorial de su país en el siglo XX. En la época en que la isla de Creta formaba parte del declinante Imperio Otomano, este abogado, periodista y político del Partido Liberal, encabezó la ...
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- Early career
- Prime minister
Eleuthérios Venizélos, (born Aug. 23, 1864, Mourniés, Crete, Ottoman Empire [now in Greece]—died March 18, 1936, Paris, France), prime minister of Greece (1910–15, 1917–20, 1924, 1928–32, 1933), the most prominent Greek politician and statesman of the early 20th century. Under his leadership Greece doubled in area and population during the Balkan W...
His father, Kyriakos Venizélos, was a Cretan revolutionary who had been deported by Turkey (Crete being then a part of the Ottoman Empire) to the island of Síros for 19 years. At the age of two Eleuthérios left his native village to go to Síros with his family, who had been deported there for a second time after an insurrection against the Ottoman sultan in 1866. Eventually he went to Athens (Modern Greek: Athína), where he graduated from the Athens University law school.
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As leader of the Cretan students in his last year at the university, Venizélos first attracted public attention with his vivid interview of the British statesman Joseph Chamberlain, during his visit to Athens in 1886. On returning to Crete (Kríti), Venizélos became a lawyer, a journalist, and, a year later, a member of the island’s National Assembly and leader of the local parliament’s newly formed Liberal Party. During the 1897 Greco-Turkish War, with the support of an army under Colonel Timóleon Vássos, dispatched from Greece, he led an unsuccessful insurrection in Cape Akrotírion, near Chaniá, to secure the union of Crete with Greece. After the intervention of the European great powers, however, Crete’s government became autonomous, under the suzerainty of the sultan. When Prince George, second son of King George I of Greece, was made high commissioner of the great European powers in autonomous Crete, Venizélos, at the age of 35, was appointed his minister of justice (1899–1901). He was soon in conflict with the absolutist prince George, however, and, four years later, organized an armed insurrection against his rule, forcing him to leave Crete. Under the new high commissioner, Aléxandros Zaímis, a former premier of Greece, Venizélos again became a member of the Cretan government.
In Greece, meanwhile, a group known as the Military League had formed a revolutionary movement and invited Venizélos to Athens to lead it. Venizélos persuaded the league and King George to revise the Greek constitution. In the elections held in August 1910 Venizélos won a seat as a deputy from Athens. In October he became prime minister, embarking immediately on a program of reform. He reorganized the armed forces, created an alliance of the Balkan Christian peoples (Balkan League), and, in the ensuing Balkan Wars of 1912–13, contributed to the final expulsion of the Ottoman Empire from the Balkan Peninsula. Greece, under his premiership, doubled its territory and population by the acquisition of southern Macedonia (Thessaloníki and the hinterland), south Epirus (Ioánnina Préveza and Árta), Crete, and the Aegean Islands.
At the outbreak of World War I, Prime Minister Venizélos proposed that the Greek army fight the Turks, who were allies of Germany. King Constantine, however, was in sympathy with the Central Powers and opposed him. For two years Venizélos struggled to change the king’s mind, but, after the invasion of Greek Macedonia (Makedonía) by German-Austrian-Bulgarian armies (1916), he assumed the leadership of an anti-Constantine insurrection in Macedonia, Crete, and the islands. He organized a new panhellenic army in the Macedonian allied front and, following Franco-British intervention, forced Constantine into exile (1917). Greece, reunited under King Alexander, second son of Constantine, and Prime Minister Venizélos, declared war against the Central Powers.
As soon as hostilities ended, Venizélos went to Paris to participate in the peace conferences. During his absence from Greece for almost two years, he acquired a reputation as an international statesman of considerable stature. In July 1919 he reached agreement with the Italians on the cession of the Dodecanese (Dodekánisa) and secured an extension of the Greek area of occupation in Anatolia. The Treaty of Neuilly with Bulgaria (November 1919) and the Treaty of Sèvres with Turkey (August 1920) were triumphs both for Venizélos and for Greece.
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Venizélos returned to Athens in September 1920, and King Alexander suddenly died in October. Despite Venizélos’ international triumph, the Greek people, in the November 1920 elections, gave a parliamentary majority to a coalition of monarchist parties, and King Constantine was recalled by a plebiscite. The defeat may perhaps be attributed to Venizélos’ loss of popularity during his long absence, the continued maintenance of martial law, and the continuing hostilities with Turkey, the government of which was holding out against the impositions of the Treaty of Sèvres. Venizélos abruptly left Greece and exiled himself in Paris.
Biografía de Eleutherios Venizelos. Uno de los dirigentes políticos contemporáneos más importantes en la expansión territorial de Grecia .-. Grecia guarda en el “Olimpo” de su historia política una enorme cantidad de héroes y notables políticos, Pericles, por citar a uno de los más recordados de la época clásica, brilla en el ...
Athens Airport: Your Gateway to Meet Greece. Athens International Airport, officially named “El. Venizelos” and shortly known as AIA, is the biggest and most widely-known airport in Greece. Moreover, it is the most occupied aviation hub in the Balkans and is listed among the busiest European airports.
Eleftherios Kyriakou Venizelos (griego: Ελευθέριος Κυριάκου Βενιζέλος; 23 Augusto 1864 [1] – 18 Marzo 1936) fue un hombre de estado y prominente líder del Movimiento de liberación nacional griego. Se destaca por su contribución a la expansión de Grecia y la promoción de políticas liberal-democráticas. Como ...
