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Frederick (Czech: Bedřich) (c. 1142 – 25 March 1189), a member of the Přemyslid dynasty, was Duke of Bohemia from 1172 to 1173 and again from 1178 to his death.
Frederick V (German: Friedrich; 26 August 1596 – 29 November 1632) [1] [2] was the Elector Palatine of the Rhine in the Holy Roman Empire from 1610 to 1623, and reigned as King of Bohemia from 1619 to 1620.
Frederick V (born Aug. 26, 1596, Amberg, Upper Palatinate [Germany]—died Nov. 29, 1632, Mainz) was the elector Palatine of the Rhine, king of Bohemia (as Frederick I, 1619–20), and director of the Protestant Union.
In 1004, Jaromir occupied Prague with a German army and proclaimed himself Bohemian duke, restoring the family's domain, albeit reduced. As brothers of Boleslaus III, Jaromir and Ulrich had a fight for the throne that lasted until 1034, when Ulrich died and Jaromir retired (and then murdered).
Buttressed by an enormous power base and huge resources, the Hungarian king now represented a serious threat to Frederick. In 1477 Corvinus succeeded in occupying Styria, Frederick’s heartland, and in 1485 he conquered Vienna. Frederick had to retreat westwards, and Linz now became his residence.
Frederick was the eldest of nine children born to Duke Ernst and his second wife Cymburgis of Masovia. As a result of the division of the lineages in the House of Habsburg, his father Duke Ernst had become sovereign of Inner Austria, ruling over Styria, Carinthia and Carniola.
Frederick V was one of the longest-ruling Habsburgs in history, reigning for fifty-eight years in Inner Austria and for fifty-three years as head of the Holy Roman Empire. In neither case did his rule go unchallenged.
