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Baron Karol Otto Kniaziewicz (4 May 1762 in Assiten, Courland (now Asīte, Latvia) – 9 May 1842 in Paris) was a Polish general and political activist. [1] Karol attended the Knight School in Warsaw. He participated in the Polish-Russian war of 1792 and the Kościuszko Uprising in the rank of a Major-General in 1794. [2]
By Nathan D. Jensen. Born: May 4, 1762. Place of Birth: Asite, Russia. Died: May 9, 1842. Place of Death: Paris, France. Arc de Triomphe: KNIAZIEWICZ on the east pillar. Pronunciation: A Polish officer, Karol Kniaziewicz, known as Charles to the French, began his military career by entering the military school of Warsaw.
Karol Otto Kniaziewicz herbu własnego (ur. 4 maja 1762 w Asītes ( Assieten) w ówczesnej Kurlandii, zm. 9 maja 1842 w Paryżu) – generał dywizji Wojsk Polskich, uczestnik insurekcji kościuszkowskiej, jeden z dowódców Legionów Polskich we Włoszech, twórca i dowódca Legii Naddunajskiej, uczestnik kampanii napoleońskiej, działacz ...
Dado que la Constitución francesa no permitía emplear tropas extranjeras en su territorio, las diversas legiones polacas que se formaron a partir de 1797 fueron empleadas por el Directorio en Italia, con célebres comandantes como Jan Henryk Dąbrowski, Karol Kniaziewicz y Józef Wybicki.
- Timeframe and Numbers
- Origins
- Operational History
- Assessment and Remembrance
- See Also
- Further Reading
- Fiction
- External Links
Among historians there is a degree of uncertainty about the period in which the Legions existed. Magocsi et al. notes that "the heyday of their activity" falls in the years 1797–1801, while Lerski defines the Legions as units that operated between 1797 and 1803. Similarly, Davies defines the time of their existence as five to six years. The Polish ...
After the Third Partition of Poland (1795), many Poles believed that revolutionary France, whose public opinion was very sympathetic to the ideals of the Polish Constitution of 3 May 1791, would come to Poland's aid. France's enemies included Poland's partitioners, Prussia, Austria and Russia. Paris was the seat of two Polish organizations laying t...
War of the First Coalition: Polish Legions in Italy
The Polish soldiers serving in the Dąbrowski Legion were granted Cisalpine citizenship and were paid the same wage as other troops. They were allowed to use their own unique Polish-style uniforms, with some French and Cisalpine symbols, and were commanded by other Polish speakers. By early February 1797 the Legion was 1,200 strong, having been bolstered by the arrival of many new recruits who had deserted from the Austrian army. The Dąbrowski Legion was first used against the Austrians and th...
War of the Second Coalition: Italian front
The end of the 1798 and the beginning of 1799 marked the beginning of the War of the Second Coalition. Within about a year of its formation, the Legion had become about 10,000. However, the new series of struggles proved to be much more difficult, as the anti-French coalition advanced upon Italy, now bereft of elite French units which were with Napoleon in Egypt. Overall, 1799 saw the Legions take significant casualties. In mid-1799, the First Legion under General Dąbrowski fought against the...
War of the Second Coalition: German front
With the end of the Cisalpine Republic, the Legions were reorganized in France, as Napoleon ascended to power as the First Consul and decreed that foreign troops could now serve in the French Army. On 10 February the remnants of the Italian Legions were reorganized near Marseilles into the Italian Legion (La Legion Italique) as a 9,000-strong unit (although soon reduced to 5,000) that would become part of the Army of Italy. The Legion fought at Peschiera and Mantua. In 1800 or 1799 (sources v...
In analyzing the creation of the Polish Legions, many historians have argued that Napoleon used the Poles as a source of recruits and had little desire to invest in the re-creation of the Polish state. Among the most notable of Napoleon's contemporary Polish detractors was Kościuszko, who refused to join the Legions, arguing that Napoleon would not...
List based on the compilation of Polish Genealogical Society of America 1. Jan Pachonski, Reuel K. Wilson. Poland's Caribbean Tragedy: A Study of Polish Legions in the Haitian War of Independence 1802–1803. East European Monographs, 1986. ISBN 978-0-88033-093-0. 2. Leonard Chodźko, Histoire Des Légions Polonaises en Italie, Paris, 1929. (Important ...
Michael Large, Song of the Legions, 2011, a novel about the origin of the Polish Legion, ISBN 978-0-9568853-0-2.
del general Karol Kniaziewicz. Esta famosa unidad pasaría a integrarse, años des - pués, en abril de 1807, por decreto del Emperador, en la nueva Legión del Vístula del Ejército Imperial francés, que combatiría en España desde 1808. El cuerpo militar polaco, mencionado anterior-mente, se creó el 8 de septiembre de 1799 en la repú-
Walerian Dzieduszycki was named military leader of the rebellion, while Karol Kniaziewicz became its civilian leader, and speaker of the National Assembly. In May 1797, after an internal conflict, Denisko was forced to give up his post.
