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It was not long before their riches outweighed those of their benefactor, William of Hesse-Kassel. In 1803, Landgrave William was created His Royal and Serene Highness The Prince-Elector of Hesse. In 1807 his electorate was annexed by the Kingdom of Westphalia, ruled by Jérôme Bonaparte, Napoleon's brother.
Frederick II ( German: Landgraf Friedrich II von Hessen-Kassel) (14 August 1720 – 31 October 1785) was Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) from 1760 to 1785. He ruled as an enlightened despot, and raised money by renting soldiers ( called "Hessians") to Great Britain to help fight the American Revolutionary War.
Born in Kassel, he was the son of William V (whom he succeeded) and his wife Amalie Elisabeth, Gräfin of Hanau-Münzenberg (daughter of Philip Louis II of Hanau-Münzenberg and his wife Countess Catharina Belgica of Nassau ). His mother remained his guardian until he came of age. Despite Hesse-Kassel's defeat in the Thirty Years' War, William ...
Wilhelm Böttner trained in Kassel with Johann Heinrich Tischbein the Elder, travelling during the 1770s to Paris and Rome, where he was inspired by the work of Raphael. He was invited back in 1781 by Frederick II of Hesse-Kassel, and after a further brief stay in Paris, he worked for the rest of his life in the service of the court in Kassel, enjoying great success as a portrait and history ...
Frederick I ( Swedish: Fredrik I; 28 April 1676 – 5 April 1751) was King of Sweden from 1720 until his death, having been prince consort of Sweden from 1718 to 1720, and was also Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel from 1730. He ascended the throne following the death of his brother-in-law absolutist Charles XII in the Great Northern War, and the ...
Landgrave Moritz was born at Racconigi Castle, in Italy. During the Second World War, Moritz's mother, Princess Mafalda of Savoy, was arrested by the Nazis for alleged subversive activities and died in the Buchenwald concentration camp in 1944 as a result of a U.S. bombing raid on the camp. Prince Louis of Hesse and by Rhine, the last head of ...
William (29 March 1674 – 25 July 1676), died in childhood. Charles (24 February 1675 – 7 December 1677), died in childhood. Friedrich (28 April 1676 – 5 April 1751), who succeeded his father as Frederick, the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel, and became, in 1720, the King of Sweden. ∞ 1stly 1700 Princess Louisa Dorothea of Brandenburg (1680 ...
