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Austrian German [2] ( German: Österreichisches Deutsch, Austro-Bavarian: Östareichisches Deitsch ), Austrian Standard German ( ASG ), [3] [4] Standard Austrian German [5] ( Österreichisches Standarddeutsch ), or Austrian High German [2] [6] ( Österreichisches Hochdeutsch ), is the variation of Standard German. It is written and spoken ...
Austrian German has its beginning in the mid-18th century, when Empress Maria Theresa and her son Joseph II introduced compulsory schooling in 1774, and several reforms of administration in their multilingual Habsburg Empire. At the time, the written standard was Oberdeutsche Schreibsprache ( Upper German written language), which was highly ...
Swiss Standard German is only spoken in very few specific situations, for instance in schools and universities (though during the breaks, the professors will speak dialect with their students); in news broadcast of the public broadcast services; in the parliaments of certain German-speaking kantons; in the national parliament (unless another ...
Swiss German ( Standard German: Schweizerdeutsch, Alemannic German: Schwiizerdütsch, Schwyzerdütsch, Schwiizertüütsch, Schwizertitsch Mundart, [note 1] and others) is any of the Alemannic dialects spoken in the German-speaking part of Switzerland, and in some Alpine communities in Northern Italy bordering Switzerland.
For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. Alemannic, or rarely Alemannish ( Alemannisch, [alɛˈman (ː)ɪʃ] ⓘ ), is a group of High German dialects. The name derives from the ancient Germanic tribal confederation known as the Alemanni ("all men"). [3] [better source needed]
Old High German (OHG; German: Althochdeutsch (Ahdt., Ahd.)) is the earliest stage of the German language, conventionally identified as the period from around 500/750 to 1050. Rather than representing a single supra-regional form of German, Old High German encompasses the numerous West Germanic dialects that had undergone the set of consonantal changes called the Second Sound Shift .
