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A true name is a name of a thing or being that expresses, or is somehow identical to, its true nature. The notion that language, or some specific sacred language, refers to things by their true names has been central to philosophical study as well as various traditions of magic, religious invocation and mysticism since antiquity.
True Names is a 1981 science fiction novella by American writer Vernor Vinge, a seminal work of the cyberpunk genre. It is one of the earliest stories to present a fully fleshed-out concept of cyberspace, which would later be central to cyberpunk. The story also contains elements of transhumanism.
- Vernor Vinge, James Frenkel
- Binary Star #5, ed. James R. Frenkel
- 1981
- 1981 (Dell Publishing)
In the short story "The Nine Billion Names of God" by Arthur C. Clarke, we can see an intermediate step - a literary Archaeopteryx, if you will - between the ancient religious idea of the holy and powerful "true name of God" and the idea of true names as they appear in modern speculative fiction:
True name. A true name was a creature's hidden name that, rather than just acting as a label, metaphysically truly belonged to that creature. All beings had true names, though most of these were unknown, especially to mere mortals. Knowing a creature's true name could grant power over it.
We see LeGuin’s use of True Names show up in so much modern fantasy, but it is not the most common magic system. The most common magic system is, I believe, Ancient Names. In Earthsea, true names are language of creation, the language of God. True Names are old, chronologically, but they are not the the *ancient* languages of mankind.
By Michael Grossberg and Chris Hibbert. “True Names” is a seminal work of the cyberpunk genre. A landmark when it was published in 1981, Vernor Vinge’s now-classic story gave the public their first glimpse of cyberspace and showed how the struggle for control might penetrate the new medium.
A true name is a name of a thing or being that expresses, or is somehow identical with, its true nature. The idea that language, or some specific sacred language, refers to things by their true names has been central to philosophical and grammatical study as well as various traditions of magic, divination and mysticism since ancient times.
