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The Duchy of Bavaria ( German: Herzogtum Bayern) was a frontier region in the southeastern part of the Merovingian kingdom from the sixth through the eighth century. It was settled by Bavarian tribes and ruled by dukes ( duces) under Frankish overlordship.
- Feudal monarchy
The history of Bavaria stretches from its earliest settlement and its formation as a stem duchy in the 6th century through its inclusion in the Holy Roman Empire to its status as an independent kingdom and finally as a large Bundesland (state) of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Duchy of Bavaria (Wittelsbachs) AD 1180 - 1777. 1180 - 1183: Otto I: Count of Wittelsbach. 1183 - 1231: Louis I the Kelheimer: Count of the Palatinate (1214). 1231 - 1253: Otto II the Noble: 1253 - 1294: Louis II the Severe: 1290 - 1312: Otto III: King of Hungary (1305-1307). 1294 - 1347: Louis IV: HRE (1314-1347). Senator of Rome (1328). 1313
A consolidation began when Duke Albert IV (the Wise) of Bavaria-Munich (reigned 1467–1508) established in 1506 the principle of primogeniture in Bavaria. Albert also made Munich the capital of his duchy. Albert’s son William IV (reigned 1508–50) reunified Bavaria into one duchy in 1545.
With the defeat of Napoleon's France in 1814, Bavaria lost the territories it had gained from Austria, but was compensated for some of its losses, receiving new territories such as the Grand Duchy of Würzburg, the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt and parts of the Grand Duchy of Hesse.
The Duchy of Bavaria passed, in 1156, to Henry the Lion, who held it until his downfall in 1180. Bavaria and Saxony, with great inheritances by marriages, made the Welfs the most potent rivals of the Hohenstaufen kings and emperors. The German king and Holy Roman emperor Otto IV was a son of Henry the Lion.
The Duchy of Bavaria ( German: Herzogtum Bayern) was a frontier region in the southeastern part of the Merovingian kingdom from the sixth through the eighth century. It was settled by Bavarian tribes and ruled by dukes ( duces) under Frankish overlordship.
