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Sir Henry Clinton (born April 16?, 1730?—died December 23, 1795, Cornwall, England) was the British commander in chief in America during the Revolutionary War. The son of George Clinton , a naval officer and administrator, Henry joined the New York militia in 1745 as a lieutenant.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
The American Revolution. Home. People. Clinton, Henry. Sir Henry Clinton (1730-1795) Sir Henry Clinton succeeded Major General Sir William Howe as commander-in-chief of the British army in America in May 1778 after serving three years under Howe and, before him, under Major General Thomas Gage.
- Early Years
- Seven Years’ War
- 1772 — A Turning Point in Clinton’s Life
- Clinton Sent to Boston
- Battle of Bunker Hill
- Battle of Sullivan’s Island
- Long Island and The New York-New Jersey Campaign
- Occupation of Newport, Rhode Island
- 10 Crucial Days in New Jersey
- Return to England and Burgoyne’s Campaign
Clinton was born in Newfoundland, Canada, in 1730, but spent much of his youth in New York, where his father, George Clinton, was the Royal Governor. In 1745, when he was just 15, he joined the New York Militia. Afterward, his father sent him to Britain where his political and aristocratic connections helped him secure a commission as a Captain in ...
Clinton served in Europe during the Seven Years’ War. In 1758, he was a Lieutenant Colonel in the 1st Foot Guards and was deployed to Germany under the command of General John Manners, the Marquess of Granby. While he was there, he became an aide-de-camp to Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick, who is recognized as one of the great European military leade...
In 1772, he was promoted to the rank of Major General and was elected to Parliament. Both positions were rare for someone who was born in the colonies, and not England. However, the same year his wife, Harriet, died after giving birth to their fifth child, a daughter.
Following the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War at Lexington and Concord (April 19, 1775), William Howe, Clinton, and John Burgoyne were sent to America to assist General Thomas Gage.
After American forces fortified positions on Charlestown Neck, on Breed’s Hill, overlooking Boston Harbor. Gage and his officers discussed how to respond. Clinton recommended a frontal assault and a flanking maneuver to get behind the American lines. Clinton believed it would cut off the path for the Americans to retreat and minimize British casual...
In January 1776, Howe sent Clinton to the Southern Colonies. The purpose was to establish a presence in the South. Once that was done, British reinforcements led by Admiral Peter Parker and General Charles Cornwallis would sail to the Cape Fear River in North Carolina and join Clinton. In addition, the British military commanders hoped to gather Lo...
At the Battle of Long Island (August 27–29, 1776), Clinton devised a plan that led to a victory and nearly trapped George Washington and the Continental Army. However, Howe did not capitalize on the advantages and the Americans escaped to Manhattan Island. In the months that followed, the British pushed Washington out of New York and then New Jerse...
In November, Howe decided to establish a naval base in Rhode Island and placed Clinton in charge of the operation. Once again, Clinton disagreed with Howe. In Clinton’s opinion, he should have been sent with General Cornwallis to pursue Washington in an effort to put an end to the Continental Army. Despite his objections, he was sent to Rhode Islan...
Before he left for Rhode Island, Clinton cautioned Howe against the idea of establishing remote outposts throughout New Jersey. Howe ignored the warning. In mid-December, Howe ended the campaign and established outposts throughout New Jersey. The outposts were primarily garrisoned by Hessian troops. The move backfired on Howe when Washington and th...
In January 1777, Clinton returned to England, where planning for the Campaign of 1777 took place. The decision was made to implement the plan proposed by Burgoyne. One army, led by Burgoyne, would move out of Canada, into the Hudson River Valley. A second army, led by Howe, would move north. The two armies would meet at Albany and effectively cut N...
- Randal Rust
Title Commander-in-Chief, America; Lieutenant General. War & Affiliation Revolutionary War / British. Date of Birth - Death April 16, 1730 - December 23, 1795. Born in Newfoundland in 1730, Henry Clinton was the son of George Clinton, an admiral in the British Navy and the governor of Newfoundland.
14 de feb. de 2020 · March 4, 2020. Henry Clinton was a British general who fought in the American Revolution. He was Commander-in-Chief at the time that the colonies were lost. Not much is known of his early life and few details are known of his life after the war. Sir Henry Clinton | public domain courtesy of Wikimedia Commons.
La correspondencia del general Sir Henry Clinton durante la Revolución Americana pueden consultarse en los documentos políticos de su primo Henry Pelham-Clinton, II duque de Newcastle, en la colección conservada en la Universidad de Nottingham .
General Sir Henry Clinton, KB (16 April 1730 – 23 December 1795) was a British Army officer and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1772 and 1795. He is best known for his service as a general during the American War of Independence .
