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Philip II (21 August 1165 – 14 July 1223), byname Philip Augustus ( French: Philippe Auguste ), was King of France from 1180 to 1223. His predecessors had been known as kings of the Franks ( Latin: rex Francorum ), but from 1190 onward, Philip became the first French monarch to style himself "King of France" ( rex Francie ).
- 1 November 1179
- Adela of Champagne
2 de abr. de 2024 · Philip II, seal of majesty, showing the king crowned and enthroned, from a document of 1180. Philip II (born August 21, 1165, Paris, France—died July 14, 1223, Mantes) was the first of the great Capetian kings of medieval France (reigned 1180–1223), who gradually reconquered the French territories held by the kings of England and also ...
The kings used the title "King of the Franks" (Latin: Rex Francorum) until the late twelfth century; the first to adopt the title of "King of France" (Latin: Rex Franciae; French: roi de France) was Philip II in 1190 (r. 1180–1223), after which the title "King of the Franks" gradually lost ground.
PortraitNameArmsReignHugh "Capet" Hugues [l]1 June 987 [xiii] – 24 October 996 (9 ...Elected king by the French nobles. Son of ...c. 940 – 24 October 996 (aged approx. 55) ...24 October 996 [xiv] – 20 July 1031 (34 ...Only son of Hugh Capetc. 970 – 20 July 1031 (aged approx. 60) ...Hughes (junior king) [n]19 June 1017 – 17 September 1025 (under ...Son of Robert IIc. 1007 – 17 September 1025 (aged approx.20 July 1031 [xv] – 4 August 1060 (29 ...Son of Robert IIc. 1005 – 4 August 1060 (aged approx. 55) ...Philip IV (April–June 1268 – 29 November 1314), called Philip the Fair ( French: Philippe le Bel ), was King of France from 1285 to 1314. By virtue of his marriage with Joan I of Navarre, he was also King of Navarre as Philip I from 1284 to 1305, as well as Count of Champagne.
- 5 October 1285 – 29 November 1314
- Isabella of Aragon
Philip returned to France (1191) and attacked English possessions; imprisoned in Austria on his journey home, Richard was freed in 1194 and promptly went to war with the French. When Richard was killed (1199), his brother John signed a treaty with Philip (1200), but within two years France and England were again at war.
2 de abr. de 2024 · Philip IV (born 1268, Fontainebleau, France—died November 29, 1314, Fontainebleau) was the king of France from 1285 to 1314 (and of Navarre, as Philip I, from 1284 to 1305, ruling jointly with his wife, Joan I of Navarre). His long struggle with the Roman papacy ended with the transfer of the Curia to Avignon, France (beginning the so-called ...
During his reign, official documents begin to speak of “a king of France” rather than “the king of the Franks.” Philip augments the royal domain through marriage and conquest, extending his territorial influence to much of what is modern-day France.
