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II. Second Language Acquisition Theory 9 A. Five Hypotheses About Second Language Acquisition 10 1. The acquisition-learning distinction 10 2. The natural order hypothesis 12 (a) Transitional forms 14 3. The Monitor hypothesis 15 (a) Individual variation in Monitor use 18 4. The input hypothesis 20 (a) Statement of the hypothesis 20
- 965KB
- Stephen D. Krashen
- 209
- 1982
- Acquisition-Learning Hypothesis
- Monitor Hypothesis
- Natural Order Hypothesis
- Input Hypothesis
- Affective Filter Hypothesis
The Acquisition-Learning Hypothesis states that there is a distinction between language acquisition and language learning. In language acquisition, the student acquires language unconsciously. This is similar to when a child picks up their first language. On the other hand, language learning happens when the student is consciously discoveringand le...
Monitor Hypothesis states that the learner is consciously learning the grammar rules and functions of a language rather than its meaning. This theory focuses more on the correctness of the language. To use the Monitor Hypothesis properly, three standards must be met: 1. The acquirer must knowthe rules of the language. 2. The acquirer must concentra...
Natural Order Hypothesis is based on the finding that language learners learn grammatical structures in a fixed and universal way. There is a sense of predictability to this kind of learning, which is similar to how a speaker learns their first language.
Input Hypothesis places more emphasis on the acquisitionof the second language. This theory is more concerned about how the language is acquired rather than learned. Moreover, the Input Hypothesis states that the learner naturally develops language as soon as the student receives interesting and fun information.
In Affective Filter, language acquisition can be affected by emotional factors. If the affective filter is higher, then the student is less likely to learn the language. Therefore, the learning environmentfor the student must be positive and stress-free so that the student is open for input. Language acquisition is a subconscious process. Usually, ...
The main purpose of theories of second-language acquisition (SLA) is to shed light on how people who already know one language learn a second language. The field of second-language acquisition involves various contributions, such as linguistics, sociolinguistics, psychology, cognitive science, neuroscience, and education.
23 de ago. de 2023 · The scientific field of second language acquisition (SLA), as it emerged in the 1970s, is concerned with the conditions and circumstances in which second and foreign language learning occurs. Although sometimes used synonymously, the terms second language and foreign...
31 de jul. de 2020 · PDF | Research shows many problems and ambiguities of second language acquisition (SLA), which have made learners and readers worldwide unsatisfied.... | Find, read and cite all the research...
Second-language acquisition (SLA), sometimes called second-language learning—otherwise referred to as L2 (language 2) acquisition, is the process by which people learn a second language. Second-language acquisition is also the scientific discipline devoted to studying that process.
