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1254 ( MCCLIV) fue un año común comenzado en jueves del calendario juliano . Acontecimientos. 20 de marzo: las aldeas de Calatayud logran configurarse en comunidad por privilegio de Jaime I de Aragón. Alejandro IV sucede a Inocencio IV como papa.
Year 1254 ( MCCLIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar . Events. By place. Byzantine Empire. Battle of Adrianople: Byzantine forces under Emperor Theodore II ( Laskaris) defeat the invading Bulgarians near Adrianople.
- Background
- Preparations
- The Expedition to Egypt
- The Shepherds' Crusade
- Louis at Acre, 1250–1254
- Aftermath
- Participants
- Literary Response
- Primary Sources
- See Also
In the years that followed the Barons' Crusade, both the Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Ayyubid dynasty were both beset by internal strife that ultimately proved disastrous for both. The loss of Jerusalem and defeat at Gaza in 1244 ultimately marked the collapse of Christian military power in the Holy Land and led to the rise of the Mamluk sultanate....
In 1244, the peace of the previous decade was quickly swept away, negating prospects that appeared brighter than at any time since the late 12th century. Most of the Frankish gains in southern Palestine were lost, with Ascalon falling in 1247. The disaster in the East threw the survival of the Kingdom of Jerusaleminto doubt. Pleas for help were dis...
The Seventh Crusade formally began on 12 August 1248 when Louis IX left Paris. With him were queen Margaret of Provence and her sister Beatrice of Provence. Two of Louis' brothers, Charles I of Anjou (husband of Beatrice) and Robert I of Artois, were also present, with their youngest brother Alphonse of Poitiers, accompanied by his wife Joan of Tou...
The Shepherds’ Crusade (Crucesignatio pastorellorum) of 1251 was a popular crusade of poor shepherds and peasants from the Low Countries and northern France who set out with the objective of aiding the captive Louis IX and rescuing the Holy Land from the infidels. After his release from the Egyptians, Louis sent his brothers to France to obtain rel...
After his arrival at Acre, Louis reviewed his future plans. His mother had urged his speedy return to France given unrest among the populace and other urgent problems. But he felt that he should stay. His disastrous crusade had destroyed both the French and Outremer armies. It was also his duty to remain at hand until the last of the prisoners in E...
The Seventh Crusade had involved Outremer in a terrible military catastrophe. Although Louis' four years at Acre did much to repair the damage, the loss of manpower would never be recovered. His coming to the East had been simultaneously unfortunate and necessary, but his departure brought the risk of immediate harm. He left behind him as his repre...
A partial list of those that participated in the Seventh Crusade can be found in the category collections of Christians of the Seventh Crusade and Muslims of the Seventh Crusade.
The failure of the Seventh Crusade engendered several poetic responses from the Occitan troubadours. Austorc d'Aorlhac, composing shortly after the Crusade, was surprised that God would allow Louis IX to be defeated, but not surprised that some Christians would therefore convert to Islam. In a later poem, D'un sirventes m'es gran voluntatz preza, B...
The 19th-century French work Recueil des historiens des croisades (RHC) documents several of the original narrative sources of the Seventh Crusade from Latin and Arabic authors. The documents are presented in their original language with French translations. A complete bibliography can be found in The Routledge Companion to the Crusades. See also C...
- 1248–1254
- Egypt
- Muslim victory
- Status quo ante bellum
Marco Polo (/ ˈ m ɑːr k oʊ ˈ p oʊ l oʊ / ⓘ, Venetian: [ˈmaɾko ˈpolo], Italian: [ˈmarko ˈpɔːlo] ⓘ; c. 1254 – 8 January 1324) was a Venetian merchant, explorer and writer who travelled through Asia along the Silk Road between 1271 and 1295.
- 8 January 1324 (aged 69–70), Venice, Republic of Venice
1254 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar, the 1254th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 254th year of the 2nd millennium, the 54th year of the 13th century, and the 5th year of the 1250s decade.
Motiv der Gründung ist die Unsicherheit im Heiligen Römischen Reich wegen des Interregnums. Der Bund wendet sich gegen Fehden und setzt Regelungen für Konfliktfälle fest. Er hat eine Bundesversammlung, die vierteljährlich tagen soll und eine eigene Rheinflotte zum Schutz der Schifffahrt.
