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Francis Hyacinth (Italian: Francesco Giacinto; 14 September 1622 – 4 October 1638) was Duke of Savoy and ruler of the Savoyard states from 7 October 1637 to his premature death the following year, under the regency of his mother Christine Marie.
- 7 October 1637 – 4 October 1638
- Christine of France
Francis Hyacinth 1637–1638 14 September 1632 Castello del Valentino second son of Victor Amadeus I and Christine Marie of France: never married: 4 October 1638 Castello del Valentino aged 6 Charles Emmanuel II 1638–1675 20 June 1634 Turin third son of Victor Amadeus I and Christine Marie of France (1) Françoise Madeleine d ...
NamePortraitBirthMarriagesHumbert I 1032–1047/1048Ancilla c. 995/1000 four sonsc. 1047/1048 Hermillon aged around 68c. 975 eldest son of Humbert I and ...Adila 1030 three childrenc. 1052Otto 1052–1057c. 1010/1020 fourth son of Humbert I and ...Adelaide of Susa 1046 five childrenc. 1057 aged 47-57Peter I 1060–1078c. 1048 eldest son of Otto and Adelaide ...Agnes of Aquitaine 1064 two daughters9 July 1078 aged 29-30- Terminology
- History
- Army
- List of Dukes of Savoy
- Flag
- Notes
- Sources
The Duchy of Savoy was the central and most prominent of the territories possessed by the House of Savoy, and hence this title was and still is used often to indicate the whole of their possessions. In reality, the Savoys ruled not a unitary state, but a complex array of different entities and titles with different institutional, cultural, and lega...
15th century
The Duchy was created in 1416 when Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1433–1437) awarded the title of "Duke" to Count Amadeus VIII. Being landlocked at its conception in 1388, the then-County of Savoy acquired a few kilometres of coastline around Nice. Other than this expansion, the 14th century was generally a time of stagnation. Pressure from neighboring powers, particularly France, prevented development, which characterizes the rest of the Renaissance era for Savoy. The reign of Amadeus VII...
16th century
When Philibert II died in 1504, he was succeeded by Charles III the Good, a weak ruler. Since 1515, Savoy had been occupied by foreign armies, and Francis I of France was just waiting for the opportunity to permanently annex Savoy and its possessions. In 1536, Francis I ordered the occupation of the Duchy, which was invaded by a strong military contingent. Charles III realized too late the weakness of the state, and tried to defend the city of Turin. However, the city was lost on 3 April of t...
17th century
During the seventeenth century, the influence of the court of Versailles put pressure on Savoy. Due to the proximity of the Spanish controlled Duchy of Milan and Savoyard defeats in the previous century, French troops were garrisoned in forts (such as Pinerolo) in a number of key Alpine passes on the Italian side. This severely threatened the independence of the duchy. During the Thirty Years' War, Savoy was one of the states of the Holy Roman Empire that largely sided with France and against...
The duchy was a notable regional military power, often getting involved in wars between the French and Habsburgs. In the 17th century, peacetime strength tended to hover around 4,800 professional soldiers (3,600 infantry and 1,200 cavalry), with a large peasant militia. In times of war, militiamen were trained and impressed and mercenaries were hir...
The flag of Savoy was a white cross on a red field. It is based on a crusader flag, and as such is identical in origin to the flag of the Knights of Malta (whence the modern Flag of Malta and of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta), and others (flags of Denmark and Switzerland, with inverted colors to those of England and Genoa, among others). In...
^ When the Duchy of Savoy acquired Sicily in 1713 and later Sardinia in 1720, the title of "Duke of Savoy", while remaining a primary title, became a lesser title to the title of King. The Duchy of...
Hearder, Harry (2002). Morris, Jonathan (ed.). Italy: A Short History. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521000727.Longhi, Andrea (2015). "Palaces and Palatine Chapels in 15th-Century Italian Dukedoms: Ideas and Experiences". In Beltramo, Silvia; Cantatore, Flavia; Folin, Marco (eds.). A Renaissance Architectur...Oresko, Robert (1997). "The House of Savoy in search for a royal crown in the seventeenth century". In Oresko, Robert; Gibbs, G. C.; Scott, H. M. (eds.). Royal and Republican Sovereignty in Early M...- Savoyard
Duke of Savoy; Reign: 4 October 1638 – 12 June 1675: Predecessor: Francis Hyacinth: Successor: Victor Amadeus II: Regent: Christine of France (1638–1648)
- 4 October 1638 – 12 June 1675
- Christine of France
Victor Amadeus I (Italian: Vittorio Amedeo I di Savoia; 8 May 1587 – 7 October 1637) was the Duke of Savoy and ruler of the Savoyard states from 26 July 1630 until his death in 1637. He was also known as the Lion of Susa. He was succeeded by two of his sons; Francis Hyacinth and Charles Emmanuel II.
- 26 July 1630 – 7 October 1637
- Catherine Micaela of Spain
Francisco Jacinto (en italiano: Francesco Giacinto di Savoia; 14 de septiembre de 1632 - 4 de octubre de 1638) fue Duque de Saboya desde 1637 hasta 1638 bajo regencia de su madre Cristina de Francia. Fue también Marqués de Saluzzo, y conde de Aosta, Moriana y Niza. También fue conocido como la «Flor del Paraíso» (en francés: “Fleur de Paradis”).
22 de feb. de 2024 · A younger son of Victor Amadeus I of Savoy, Charles Emmanuel acceded at the age of four on the death of his brother, Francis Hyacinth, who had reigned as duke for a year. Charles Emmanuel’s minority ended in 1648, but he did not truly rule until the death of his regent mother in 1653.
